History of First Phase of Mohan Chandra as Kumaon King

(History of Kumaon from 1000-1790 AD)

                          

         (History of Chand Dynasty Rule in Kumaon)

History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar) - Part 218

                                              By: Bhishma Kukreti

 Ruling Period of Mohan Chandra in first phase-1777-1779

Inscriptions- 1777

Land for Jageshwar temple

Another land for Jageshwar temple

Land for Seetladevi temple

To Radhapati Bhandari

To Hussainbaksh family

Land for Patalbhuvneshwari , Gangoli

 1778

Land to Nagnath temple Champawat

Land for Kapileshwar temple Dug

Land for Kalika temple, Gangoli

Land for Bhatneshwar temple

Contemporary Kings

Garhwal King –Lalit Shah -1772-1780

Rampur- Nabab Faijulallakhan

Awadh –Nabab Asafuddaula

             Crowing of Mohan Chandra

              Mohan Singh or Mohan Chandra put Deep Chandra and his sons in Seerakot prison  and killed them.

       Mohan Singh defeated Jayakrishna Joshi and Harsh Dev Joshi had to flee to Pali. Mohan Singh or Chandra was aware that main hurdle in his being King were Joshi brothers. Mohan Singh invited Jayakrishna in Gagar hills of Kota Pargana. Jayakrishna was initially reluctant to meet Mohan Singh. Mohan Singh persuaded and Jayakrishna came to meet Mohan Singh in his camp. Mohan Singh made Jayakrishna busy in discussion that Jayakrishna Joshi did not care to watch the activity around him. In the mean time, the hired killer from Mohan Singh beheaded Jayakrishna Joshi.

  After reaching to Almora, Mohan Singh caught Harsh Dev Joshi and put him jail. Mohan Singh decided to kill Harsh Dev Joshi. Lal Singh the brother of Mohan Singh advised Mohan to give life imprisonment to Harsh Dev Joshi. Mohan Singh agreed and Harsh Dev Joshi was put in prison.

 Mohan Singh got crowned  as Mohan Chandra. Mohan Singh appointed his brother Lal Singh as Bakshi of Kumaon Kingdom and Madhu Sudan pande of Patiya as Deewan.

          Tarai in Mohan Singh Time

           Mohan Chandra sent a letter to nandram the ruler of Tarai, Now, Hills of Kumaon is under me. I accept your rule over Kashipur and Tarai. The Gularghati would be our dividing line.” However, Nand Ram wanted a stable and reliable ruler to get shelter. Nand Ram visited to Nabab of Awadh. Nand Ram told to Awadh nabab that Tarai was under Awadh. Nand Ram requested Awadh Nabab to permit him as regional commander of Tarai Kumaon. Awadh Nabab accepted the deal. Awadh nabab asked his border commanders to help Nand Ram in need.

  Now, protected from Awadh Nabab, Nand Ram wanted to extend his territory. Now, Nand Ram sent letter to Mohan Chandra that as aKumaon King he should compel Rudrapur ruler Manorath Joshi to accept the Kumaon rule over Rudrapur. Mohan Chandra sent message to Manorath Joshi to accept the rule of Kumaon kingdom. Manorath Joshi did not accept the order or advice of Mohan Chandra. Manorath Joshi became prepared to fight with Mohan Chandra and Nand Ram. Nand Ram sent a secret message to Manorath Joshi that he (Nand Ram) was enemy of Mohan Chandra, they both should arrange to get rid of Mohan Chandra and Joshis could get Kingdom of Kumaon. Manorath got in trap of Nand Ram. Believeing on Nand Ram, Manorath Joshi came to meet to Nand Ram to Bajpur with scanty soldiers. The soldiers of Nand Ram killed Manorath Joshi. Nand Ram captured Rudrapur in the name of Awadh Nabab. Now, from whole of Tarai and Bhabhar, only Kilpuri was left under Kumaon Kingdom.

  Under Nand Ram administration, the new canals were dig and dams were built. The farmland increased in Tarai Bhabhar under Nand Ram and his cousin Shiv Lal.

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti -bckukreti@gmail.com 16/12/2013

                                      References

Dr. Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas Bhag 10, Kumaon ka Itihas 1000-1790

Badri Datt Pande, 1937, Kumaon ka Itihas, Shri Almora Book Depo Almora

Devidas Kaysth, Itihas Kumaon Pradesh

Katyur ka Itihas, Pundit Ram Datt Tiwari

Oakley and Gairola, Himalayan Folklore

Atkinson, History of District Gazette

Menhadi Husain, Tuglak Dynasty

Malfujat- E Timuri

Tarikh -e-Mubarakshahi vol 4

Kumar Suresh Singh2005, People of India

Justin Marozzi, 2006, Tamerlane: Sword of Islam

Bakshsingh Nijar, 1968, Punjab under Sultans 1000-1526 

The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Volume 13 page 52 

Bhakt Darshan, Gadhwal ki Divangit Vibhutiyan

Mahajan V.D.1991, History of Medieval India

Majumdar R.C. (edited) 2006, The Sultanate

Rizvi, Uttar Taimur Kalin Bharat

Tarikhe Daudi

Vishweshara nand , Bharat Bharti lekhmala

Aine-e Akbari

Akbari Darbar

Tareekh Badauni

Eraly Abraham, 2004 The Mogul Throne

The Tazuk-i-Jahangiri

Maularam- Gadh Rajvansh Kavya

Ramayan Pradeep

Annatdev’s Smriti-Kaustubh

Sarkar, History of Aurangzeb

Jadunath Sarkar, History of Aurangzeb

Sarkar, fall of Mogul Empire

Sailendra Nath Sen, 2010, An Advanced History of Modern India

(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

                           

History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -220  

History of Kumaon (1000-1790) to be continued….

Himalayan, Indian History of Chand Dynasty rule in Kumaon to be continued…

  (Himalayan, Indian History (740-1790 AD to be continued…)