History of Kumaon from 1000-1790 AD)
(History of Chand Dynasty Rule in Kumaon)
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar) - Part 203
Capturing Rudrapur and Vijaypur by Rohila
Hari Ram Joshi was in charge of Almora when Ali Muhammad Khan was preparing for attacking Kumaon. Once, Hari Ram Joshi worked under Shiv Datt Joshi in Tarai management. Perhaps Hari ram Joshi did not pursue matter to King Doti Kalyan Chandra to send money and help to Shiv Datt Joshi.
However, even after no help from King Kalyan Chandra, Shiv Datt Joshi resisted Rohila attack on Rudrapur with a small army. The Kumaon army led by Shiv Datt could not resist the army of Muhammad Khan. Shiv Datt Joshi ran away and took shelter in Balkheri (Barakhaidi) fort near Kathgodam. At the same time, Awadh ruler Mansoorali Khan (Safdarjang) recaptured Kumaoni territories Bilari and Sarbana. The Rohila ruler appointed Hafiz Rahmat Khan as local representative for Rudrapur region. Hafiz Rahmat Khan followed Shiv Datt Joshi. Shiv Datt Joshi and his army ran away towards Almora. Hafiz Rahmat Khan followed Shiv Datt Joshi and captured Vijaypur near Bhimtal. Rohila Commander Bakshi Sardar Khan stayed in Balkheri. He was there to stop Kumaon army to come in plains.
Rohila captured Rudrapur and Vijaypur. The information reached to Kumaon King about loss of Rudrapur and Vijaypur. Doti Kalyan Chandra deputed army to fight Rohila. The battle between Kumaon army and Rohila army took place at Vijaypur. Rohila defeated Kumaon army.
Destruction in Almora by Rohila Army
As soon as Rohila defeated Kumaon army, Kumaon army ran towards Almora. No doubt Kalyan Chandra sent army to Vijayapur but did not take care for defense for Almora. Rohila followed Kumaon army as if Kumaon army was guide for Rohilas. Rohila armed forces reached to Almora via Ramgad, Pyuda, Suwal River. As soon as Rohila army reached near Almora, the Kumaon King Doti Kalyan Chandra ran towards Garhwal for shelter.
Rohila army captured Almora with ease.
Rohila (Afghan soldiers) destroyed temples and worship places in Almora and nearby villages. Rohila soldiers killed cows and they spilled cow blood on the alters and other worshiping medium. The Rohila soldiers took out gold and silver jewelries and melted those jewels and converted into gold and silver brick. Rohila soldiers made people slaves too.
The Rohila commanders sent soldiers in nearby villages to llot them and to destroy temples. There are nose less, eyeless, earless idols in temples of Lakhnapur, Dwarhat, Katarmal, Bhimtal and Almora due to taking out ornaments from these parts of idols by Rohilas. The idols of Jageshwar and Bhramari Devi are safe because of bee biting.
Rohilas looted the state money (one Crore), precious metals, ornaments etc from Palace and administrative buildings. The Rohila army also captured people.
The Rohilas burnt the records and other historical medium. Nothing was left in palace. Therefore, the history records to know Kumaon history are not available.
The Rohila ruler Ali Muhammad Khan became pleased to know the capturing Kumaon Kingdom. He sent precious presents for commander Hafiz Rahmat Khan.
Rohila Sardar Ali Muhammad Khan reached to Almora. Most of Rohila soldiers were face geographical problems in hills of Kumaon.
After reaching to Almora, Ali Muhammad Khan distributed gifts to soldiers. However, Rohila soldiers were eager to go back in plains.
The Tehri Riyasat register states that in October 1743, 32000 armed force of Ali Muhammad Khan attacked on Kumaon. After winning Kumaon, Ali Muhmmad Khan camped in Bansuli ka Sera. He captured 17000 men and women. Rohila ruler sent those men and women to Rohilkhand as slaves.
Kumaon King ran away with his queens from Almora and took shelter in Badhangarhi (Garhwal). Garhwal King Pradip Shah sent twelve nobles to welcome Kumaon King. Pradip Shah arranged for food and shelter for Kumaon king and his subordinates including queens.
Anup Singh Tadgi
There was a patriotic sardar Anup Singh who sent letters to village to village in Kumaon not to surrender Rohilas and not to provide them information. He sent message that Rohilas were not our King. Anup Singh gathered other patriots and reached to Lobha King.
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti -bckukreti@gmail.com 1/12/2013
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(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -204
History of Kumaon (1000-1790) to be continued….
Himalayan, Indian History of Chand Dynasty rule in Kumaon to be continued…
(Himalayan, Indian History (740-1790 AD to be continued…)
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