(History of Kumaon from 1000-1790 AD)
(History of Chand Dynasty Rule in Kumaon)
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar) - Part 207
Around December 1743 or January 1744, Rohila army returned to Rohelkhand plains from Kumaon hills or Almora hills. Rohilas kept a tiny army in Badakhedi fort of Mall. The Rohila chieftain Ali Muhammad Khan had guess that Delhi Mogul would attack on Rohilas. Around March and April 1744, a Rohila commander Nabib Khan came to Badakhedi of Kumaon Mal (Bhabhar-Tarai of Kumaon) with bigger army.
Nabib Khan sent one battalion towards Almora via Kosi River valley and another valley to Champawat via Kali River valley of Kumaon. The idea of Rohilas was that in case Delhi Mogul emperor defeat those (Rohilas) they would be safe in hills of Kumaon.
Rohilas always insisted that Bhabhar-Tarai (Mal) of Kumaon was their own territory. In January 1745, the carpenters under the leadership of a ‘Architect chief (Imarat Daroga) of Awadh Nabab or chieftain were cutting trees from Mal forest. The Rohila armed soldiers of Ali Muhammad Khan (Rohila Chief) forced the carpenters and architect chief to leave the forest. Nabab Safadar Jung of Awadh territory went to Delhi and complained to Delhi Mogul emperor. Awadh Nabab or chieftain advised the Mogul emperor to attack on Rohila chieftain Ali Mohammad Khan and his army. Mogul Emperor Muhammad Shah was also annoyed by Rohila chieftain for quite some time. Mogul Emperor Muhammad agreed to attack on Rohilas.
At the same period, around January –February 1745, Kumaon chief of Mal (Bhabhar-Tarai) Shiv Datt Joshi attacked on Rohila army staying in Badakhedi fort. At present Razab Khan was commander of Badakhedi fort. There was fierce battle between Kumaon army and Rohila army. Kumaon army led by Shiv Datt Joshi defeated Rohila army and Rohila army ran towards Rohelkhand territory. Getting such defeat information, Rohila army staying in Almora and Champawat regions also ran to plains of Rohilkhand.
Rohila chief Ali Muhammad Khan could not send his additional army to Kumaon for fight back with army of Shiv Datt Joshi as he got information of Mogul attack on Rohila territory in February 1745.
On 25th February 1745, Mogul emperor marched from Delhi towards Rohilkhand with chief minister Kamruddin Khan. Safdar Jung Khan, Ameer Khan and huge army. The Mogul Emperor Muhammad Shah reached near Sambhal on 30th April 1745. Before his arrival to near Sambhal region, the Mogul army reached the place eight miles far from Rohila fort Bangarh. This fort was ten miles in north from Badayun. Rohila chieftain Ali Muhammad Khan was taking shelter in Bangarh fort.
Long back, Kumaon King, Katehar and other regional Hindu chieftains had already complained for Rohila’s terror to Mogul Emperor.
When Kumaon King Doti Kalyan Chand got information about Mogul Emperor coming to Katehar, he decided to visit Mogul Emperor in person. Kumaon king took ornaments of Jageshwar temple on loan. Kumaon King converted ornaments into gold and silver coins to pay tribute to Mogul Emperor.
When Kumaon King reached to Ramnagar he met with Shiv Datt Joshi who was returning from Badakhedi. Kumaon king and Shiv Datt Joshi reached to Kashipur. Mogul Empire Prime minister Kamruddin Khan sent 50 cavalry and artillery to welcome horses Kumaon King and Shiv Datt Joshi. That showed that Kumaon King had already sent personal tribute for Kamruddin Khan to get full support of Mogul emperor. It was a custom to pay personal tribute or bribe to ministers of emperor for getting support from Emperor.
With Shiv Datt Joshi, Kumaon King reached to Sambhal via Moradabad. Kumaon King Doti Kalyan Chand met an informer of empire. The advocate of Kumaon Kingdom Shiv Ram Pandey also reached there and met the king.
Kumaon king Doti Kalyan Chand met mogul Emperor Muhammad Shah in Badshah camp near Sambhal with the help of Kamruddin. Kumaon King offered tribute to Mogul emperor as Gold coins, gold and silver plates, Chnavar, musk, Nirvisi, Kuhi, Kohla, hunter birds, horses, animal skins etc.
There were other regional chieftains from Katehar regions present before Mogul Emperor who also complained to Emperor about Rohila Chieftain. Doti Kalyan Chand got support from other chieftains. Doti Kalyan Chand put his problem of Rohilas before the emperor. Mogul Emperor agreed to help Kumaon King.
On 2nd June 1745, Rohila chief Ali Muhammad Khan accepted the supremacy of Mogul Empire. Mogul army captured Ali Muhammad Khan and other Rohila chief commanders as , Paidekhan, Dundikhan , fatah Khan and brought them before Mogul Emperor in his camp. Mogul Emperor Muhammad Shah ordered to keep Rohila chief Ali Muhammad Khan under surveillance of prime minster. After some time, Ali Muhammad Khan was appointed chief of Chakla Sarhind. Mogularmy destroyed Bangarh fort and Mogul Emperor forfeited all the territory and wealth of Rohila chief Ali Muhammad Khan.
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti -bckukreti@gmail.com 5/12/2013
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(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -208
History of Kumaon (1000-1790) to be continued….
Himalayan, Indian History of Chand Dynasty rule in Kumaon to be continued…
(Himalayan, Indian History (740-1790 AD to be continued…)
Notes on History of Second Attack on Kumaon Kingdom from Rohila and Kumaon army defeating Rohila Army; History of Second Attack on Champawat Kumaon Kingdom from Rohila and Kumaon army defeating Rohila Army; History of Second Attack on Almora Kumaon Kingdom from Rohila and Kumaon army defeating Rohila Army; History of Second Attack on Kali Valley Kumaon Kingdom from Rohila and Kumaon army defeating Rohila Army; History of Second Attack on Kosi River valley Kumaon Kingdom from Rohila and Kumaon army defeating Rohila Army; History of Second Attack on Bhabhar and hills of Kumaon Kingdom from Rohila and Kumaon army defeating Rohila Army; History of Second Attack on Tanakpur Kumaon Kingdom from Rohila and Kumaon army defeating Rohila Army; History of Second Attack on Banbasa of Kumaon Kingdom from Rohila and Kumaon army defeating Rohila Army in Badakhedi; History of Second Attack on Kumaon Kingdom from Rohila and Kumaon army defeating Rohila Army; History of Second Attack on Kumaon Kingdom from Rohila and Kumaon army defeating Rohila Army around Kashipur; History of Second Attack on Kumaon Kingdom from Rohila and Kumaon army defeating Rohila Army around Ramnagar; History of Kumaon at Mogul Emperor Muhammad Shah period; History of Bhabhar –Tarai Kumaon at Mogul Emperor Muhammad Shah period; History of Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon at Mogul Emperor Muhammad Shah period; History of Almora Kumaon at Mogul Emperor Muhammad Shah period; History of Nainital Kumaon at Mogul Emperor Muhammad Shah period; History of Bageshwar Kumaon at Mogul Emperor Muhammad Shah period; History of Pithoragarh Kumaon at Mogul Emperor Muhammad Shah period; History of Nainital Kumaon at Mogul Emperor Muhammad Shah period;
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