History of Trimall Chandra a Kumaon King Contemporary to Shahjahan

(History of Kumaon from 1000-1790 AD)

         (History of Chand Dynasty Rule in Kumaon)

History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar) - Part 182

                                              By: Bhishma Kukreti

 Ruling Period of Trimall Chandra – 1625-1638

Inscription of Trimall Chandra- 1616, 1618, 1630 and two dateless inscriptions

Contemporary Kings-

Delhi /Agra -Jahangir -1605-1625

Shahjahan- 1628-1659

Shrinagar Garhwal

Shyam Shah 1611-1625 (expired in 1631)

Mahipat Shah -1625-1635

Queen Nakkati 1635-1640

 Getting Crown by Trimall Chandra

               Trimall Chandra was son of King Lakshmi Chandra. Dipi Chandra was elder to Trimall Chandra. Sukhram Karki, Piru Gusain and Vinayak Bhatt of Sor region became powerful in Dilip Chandra period. These three managed that teen aged Vijay Chandra son of Dilip Chandra got kingdom of Kumaon.

   It was clear that the trio Karki, Gusain and Bhatt wanted to kill all who were aspirants to become Kumaon King or were related to would be heir. Trimall Chandra and Narayn Gusain (sons of Lakshmi Chandra and uncles of Vijay Chandra) ran and too shelters in Garhwal and Doti kingdoms respectively.

               In 1625, Trimall Chandra got kingdom due to support of Piru Gusain and Mara group.  Trimall Chandra was aware that trio Karki, Gusain and Bhatt were dangerous and selfish. Trimall Chandra created good perception among people that he was able and clean administrator.

               Sukhram Karki was killed. Vinayak Bhatt was made blind by outing his eyes. King donated the property of Vinayak Bhatt to Madho Pande. Piru Gusain was given choice of visiting Allahabad and do suicide under banyan tree.

        Joshi group supported Trimall Chandra.  Trimall Chandra appointed Narottam Joshi of Jhinjhad as Prime Minister (Bajir). Trimall Chandra appointed Dinkar Joshi of Galli as Chaudhari and Vitthal Gusain as Diwan. Ratgali were kept general administrators as per past pattern only.

                  Personal and Palace Internal Security for Trimmal Chandra

          After killing of Vijaya Chandra and crowning of Trimall Chandra as king, there was trustless and restlessness in the palace.

           It was utmost necessary to keep eyes on kitchen and palace maids and kitchen police in charge. Trimall Chandra called new female maids (rajcheliyan) from Garhwal for avoiding involvement of maids into internal politics of Kumaon kingdom.  There were strict instructions for Rajcheliyan (female maids) that they would not go out of palace and would not contact outsiders.

         The Rasoi Daroga or palace kitchen police in charge had important place in the personal security of Kings. Due to conspiracy, Rasoi Daroga would have mixed poison into food and beverages for king as happened for Vijaya Chandra. Trimall Chandra dismissed the Rasoi Daroga who was involved in conspiracy to kill Vijay Chandra.Trimall Chandra appointed Karn kathayat  (from family of late Naalu Kathayat in the time of Gyan Chandra) as Kitchen Police in Charge.

 There were sixteen specific instructions or laws for Rasoi Daroga or Palace Kitchen Police inspector,a few are as follows  –

1-Kitechn police inspector would not contact any person related to Mara and Fadtyal groups.

2-The kitchen police inspector would taste the meal and beverage before the king

3-Kitchen police Inspector would keep eye on cook and would not leave cook alone in kitchen

4-The kitchen police and cook and kitchen staff would not call/talk anything related to poison as opium, semal etc.

5-The kitchen police inspector and staff would not keep any relation with family members of Sor citizens, Kali Kumaon, Katyrui and Chand princesses not would visit them.

6-The kitchen police would not visit or talk in any stage to people of  Kali Kumaon, Manral, Rautela, Soryal, Nagarkotiya castes.

7- Kitchen Police inspector should behave Rajcheliyan/female maids with grace

8-The kitchen police would not talk about Jadu-tona-manta (black magic) at all with anybody.

  There was real and imagery insecurity for the king Trimall. Trimall arranged many means to protect himself from kitchen or other people. Conspiracy was talk of the town in his time.

                                          Relationship with Doti Kingdom

               Kumaon King Trimall had cordial relationship with Doti Kingdom. His brother Narayan Chandra was taking shelter in Doti. Trimall Chandra did not invite his brother Narayan Chandra to Kumaon as he was also contender for Chand Kingdom.  

                                                Relationship with Mogul Kingdom

          Trimall Chandra had cordial relationship with Mogul Kingdom. Trimall Chandra regularly used to send tributes/gifts to mogul court. It seems that Trimall Chandra sent gifts at the time of coronation of Shahjahan in Agra.

# Read more about relationship of Trimall Chandra with Garhwal Kingdom in History of Uttarakhand part 183

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti -bckukreti@gmail.com 6/11/2013

                                      References

Dr. Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas Bhag 10, Kumaon ka Itihas 1000-1790

Badri Datt Pande, 1937, Kumaon ka Itihas, Shri Almora Book Depo Almora

Devidas Kaysth, Itihas Kumaon Pradesh

Katyur ka Itihas, Pundit Ram Datt Tiwari

Oakley and Gairola, Himalayan Folklore

Atkinson, History of District Gazette

Menhadi Husain, Tuglak Dynasty

Malfujat- E Timuri

Tarikh -e-Mubarakshahi vol 4

Kumar Suresh Singh2005, People of India

Justin Marozzi, 2006, Tamerlane: Sword of Islam

Bakshsingh Nijar, 1968, Punjab under Sultans 1000-1526 

The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Volume 13 page 52 

Bhakt Darshan, Gadhwal ki Divangit Vibhutiyan

Mahajan V.D.1991, History of Medieval India

Majumdar R.C. (edited) 2006, The Sultanate

Rizvi, Uttar Taimur Kalin Bharat

Tarikhe Daudi

Vishweshara nand , Bharat Bharti lekhmala

Aine-e Akbari

Akbari Darbar

Tareekh Badauni

Eraly Abraham, 2004 The Mogul Throne

The Tazuk-i-Jahangiri

Maularam- Gadh Rajvansh Kavya

Ramayan Pradeep

(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

                           

History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -183  

History of Kumaon (1000-1790) to be continued….

 Middle Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History of Chand Dynasty rule in Kumaon to be continued…

  (Middle Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History (740-1790 AD to be continued…)

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Notes on History of Trimall Chandra a Kumaon King Contemporary to Shahjahan; History of Trimall Chandra a Pithoragarh Kumaon King Contemporary to Shahjahan; History of Trimall Chandra a Dwarhat Kumaon King Contemporary to Shahjahan; History of Trimall Chandra a Ranikhet Kumaon King Contemporary to Shahjahan; History of Trimall Chandra a Almora Kumaon King Contemporary to Shahjahan; History of Trimall Chandra a Nainital Kumaon King Contemporary to Shahjahan; History of Trimall Chandra a Champawat Kumaon King Contemporary to Shahjahan; History of Trimall Chandra a Bageshwar Kumaon King Contemporary to Shahjahan; History of Trimall Chandra a Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon King Contemporary to Shahjahan; History of Trimall Chandra a Kumaon, Uttarakhand  King Contemporary to Shahjahan; History of Trimall Chandra a Kumaon Central Himalaya King Contemporary to Shahjahan; History of Trimall Chandra a Kumaon North India King Contemporary to Shahjahan; History of Trimall Chandra a Kumaon , South Asia King Contemporary to Shahjahan; History of Trimall Chandra a Kumaon Asian King Contemporary to Shahjahan;