Asian History of Kumaon King Gyan Chandra

Asian History of Kumaon King Gyan Chandra: A Capable King Contemporary of Mogul Emperors Aurangzeb and Bahadur Shah

              (History of Kumaon from 1000-1790 AD)

         (History of Chand Dynasty Rule in Kumaon)

History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar) - Part 193

                                              By: Bhishma Kukreti

 Time Period of King Gyan Chand -1668-1708

Inscriptions –

1-Copper Inscription for Jagir to Kulomani Pande-1701 AD

2-Copper Inscriptions for Krishna Nand Joshi- 1703 AD

3- Donation for Patal-Bhuvneshwar temple -1708

4- A Copper inscription for transferring right of Chautha daftar to Shrinath Adhikari from Prayag Das Joshi

 Contemporary Kings of Gyan Chandra

Garhwal King – Fate Shah (1664-1716)

Delhi Mogul emperors Aurangzeb (1659-1707) and Bahadur Shah (1707-1712)

 Twelve Years Continuous Infighting between Kumaon and Garhwal Kingdoms

                King Udyot Chand handed over regime to his son Gyan Chand in his life. Usually, in past, the tendency was that newly Kumaon King would attack on Katyuri Kingdom. However, now the newly Kumaon King had started attacking on Garhwal.

              In his early years of ruling, Kumaon king Gyan Chandra attacked Garhwal. Gyan Chandra attacked Pindar valley, till Tharali and looted the people.

          In 1699, Kumaon King Gyan Chandra attacked on Badhan region of Garhwal and looted Nanda Devi temple and brought Nanda Devi idol with him.

         In 1700, Kumaon King Gyan Chand attacked on Savli, Khatli and Saindhar Patti of Malla Salan Pargna and looted there.

                   In 1701, Garhwal King Fate Shah attacked on Ginvad and Chaukot of Pali Pargana of Kumaon Kingdom. On these years there were attacks from both sides on the bordering regions of Garhwal and Kumaon. People migrated from those regions as they were not sure they would cut the crop sown by them. The bordering regions became forest land.

                   In 1703, Kumaon army entered Garhwal kingdom. There was fierce battle in Dudholi of Garhwal between Kumaon army and Garhwal army. Kumaon army defeated Garhwal army.

               Kumaon King Gyan Chand attacked Bhabhar region of Doti in 1704. The Kumaon army looted Bhabhar region of Doti kingdom. However, Kumaon army caught by fever of Bhabhar. Hundreds of Kumaon soldiers died due to Bhabhar fever and hundreds of soldiers fell ill for many years.

 In 1707, Kumaon king attacked with huge army on Garhwal. Kumaon army captured Juniya Garh of Garhwal. Kumaon army reached to Chandpur Garhi via Panuvakhal, Divalikhal and Bharadigad. Kumaon army looted Garhwal region and return back to Almora.

                                Honor to Scholars by Kumaon King Gyan Chand

               In 1690, Poet Matiram wrote poetry collection ‘Alankar Panchshika’ in praise of Prince Gyan Chand. That means Gyan Chand was looking after rule in his father life. Matiram praised Garhwali king and Kumaon king in ‘Vritkaumadi’. Bhushan (1613-1715) the court poet of Shivaji also visited courts of Kumaon, Garhwal and Nepal.

                   

                               Donation and Religious works by Kumaon King Gyan Chandra

 Gyan Chandra visited Haridwar in 1700.

 In 1703, Gyan Chand repaired Baidyanath temple at Gomati bank.

In 1703, Kumaon King Gyan Chandra built Badrinath temple in Katyur region.

In 1704, Kumaon king Gyan Chand built a building near Dharanaula , Almora.

In 1704 He donated land and a house to Vishwaswarup Pant.

Gyan Chand built a water reservoir in Haval bag Bhabhar –Tarai.

 Kumaon king Gyan Chand died in 1708.

His son Jagat Chand got kingdom.

  Rudra Datt  Pant refers Gyan Chandra as capable king.  

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti -bckukreti@gmail.com 21/11/2013

                                      References

Dr. Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas Bhag 10, Kumaon ka Itihas 1000-1790

Badri Datt Pande, 1937, Kumaon ka Itihas, Shri Almora Book Depo Almora

Devidas Kaysth, Itihas Kumaon Pradesh

Katyur ka Itihas, Pundit Ram Datt Tiwari

Oakley and Gairola, Himalayan Folklore

Atkinson, History of District Gazette

Menhadi Husain, Tuglak Dynasty

Malfujat- E Timuri

Tarikh -e-Mubarakshahi vol 4

Kumar Suresh Singh2005, People of India

Justin Marozzi, 2006, Tamerlane: Sword of Islam

Bakshsingh Nijar, 1968, Punjab under Sultans 1000-1526 

The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Volume 13 page 52 

Bhakt Darshan, Gadhwal ki Divangit Vibhutiyan

Mahajan V.D.1991, History of Medieval India

Majumdar R.C. (edited) 2006, The Sultanate

Rizvi, Uttar Taimur Kalin Bharat

Tarikhe Daudi

Vishweshara nand , Bharat Bharti lekhmala

Aine-e Akbari

Akbari Darbar

Tareekh Badauni

Eraly Abraham, 2004 The Mogul Throne

The Tazuk-i-Jahangiri

Maularam- Gadh Rajvansh Kavya

Ramayan Pradeep

Annatdev’s Smriti-Kaustubh

Sarkar, History of Aurangzeb

Jadunath Sarkar, History of Aurangzeb

(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

                           

History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -194  

History of Kumaon (1000-1790) to be continued….

Himalayan, Indian History of Chand Dynasty rule in Kumaon to be continued…

  (Himalayan, Indian History (740-1790 AD to be continued…)

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Notes on South Asian History of Kumaon King Gyan Chandra: A Capable King Contemporary of Mogul Emperors Aurangzeb and Bahadur Shah; South Asian History of Kumaon, Uttarakhand King Gyan Chandra: A Capable King Contemporary of Mogul Emperors Aurangzeb and Bahadur Shah; South Asian History of Kumaon, Himalayan King Gyan Chandra: A Capable King Contemporary of Mogul Emperors Aurangzeb and Bahadur Shah; South Asian History of Kumaon , North Indian King Gyan Chandra: A Capable King Contemporary of Mogul Emperors Aurangzeb and Bahadur Shah; South Asian History of Pithoragarh-Kumaon King Gyan Chandra: A Capable King Contemporary of Mogul Emperors Aurangzeb and Bahadur Shah; South Asian History of Champawat- Kumaon King Gyan Chandra: A Capable King Contemporary of Mogul Emperors Aurangzeb and Bahadur Shah; South Asian History of Dwarhat-Kumaon King Gyan Chandra: A Capable King Contemporary of Mogul Emperors Aurangzeb and Bahadur Shah; South Asian History of Bageshwar- Kumaon King Gyan Chandra: A Capable King Contemporary of Mogul Emperors Aurangzeb and Bahadur Shah; South Asian History of Almora-Kumaon King Gyan Chandra: A Capable King Contemporary of Mogul Emperors Aurangzeb and Bahadur Shah; South Asian History of Nainital-Kumaon King Gyan Chandra: A Capable King Contemporary of Mogul Emperors Aurangzeb and Bahadur Shah; South Asian History of Udham Singh Nagar -Kumaon King Gyan Chandra: A Capable King Contemporary of Mogul Emperors Aurangzeb and Bahadur Shah; South Asian History of Ranikhet- Kumaon King Gyan Chandra: A Capable King Contemporary of Mogul Emperors Aurangzeb and Bahadur Shah; South Asian History of Haldwani- Kumaon King Gyan Chandra: A Capable King Contemporary of Mogul Emperors Aurangzeb and Bahadur Shah;