Indignation Sentiment in Garhwali Folk Dramas

गढवाली लोक नाटकों / लोक  गीतों में   अमर्ष     भाव

Review of Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional Plays part -45

                                    Bhishma Kukreti

                        Indignation means righteous anger.  When a more intelligent, more prosperous person or powerful in nay character insults another person the second person feels indignation or righteous anger.

         According to Bharat’s Natyashastra (7/77), indignation sentiment is performed by shaking head, perspiration, thinking, reflecting, with dejected face, showing determination while working , looking, for a way out , for help and so on.

             Indignation Sentiment in Garhwali Prose Folk Drama

           I remember a folk drama played by us children in a Grazing field Mithal hill of Jaspur, Malla Dhangu, Pauri Garhwal around summer of 1968-69.             

एक गढवाली नाटक में  अमर्ष    भाव

जवान ग्राम प्रधान -क्या भै काऴया ! क्या चयाणु च ?अड़बुडेड़ काऴया- प्रधान बेटा ! एक सटिफिकेट  चयाणु च

ग्राम प्रधान - सूण ! काका बाड़ा ड्यारम हूंद . क्यांक सटिफिकेट ?

काऴया - म्यार नौनु किलास  मा फस्ट आयि।  गरीबी सटिफिकेट चयाणु च।

ग्राम प्रधान बेइजती करणो भाव मा - हूँ ! अबे त्यार नौनु कथगा बि नंबर लैजालु।  करण त वैन मजदूरी ही च।  अबि जा भोळ ली जै सटिफिकेट .... काऴया (भैर जांद जांद , गुस्सा मा  स्वत:  ) - मी  बि अपण बुबाक  काऴया नीछौं जु मि अपण नौनु तैं बीए पास नि करौं !

                        Indignation sentiment in Garhwali Ritual Folk Song

              गढवाली जागर (लोक नाटकों / लोक  गीतों)  में   अमर्ष     भाव

 There are many Jagar in Garhwali and Kumaoni where in between the sentiment of indignation is shown. At the time of singing folk song and performing Ghadela ritual, the Jagari also acts as if he is feeling indignation sentiment.   

When the story of   sequence “  Binta was sad as her step son Bhanupankhi (son of Kadru) informed in past that the color of Sun Chariot was white” come the sentiment of indignation is clear.

 कद्रू और बिनता की लोकगाथा में अमर्ष भाव   
मूल -डा गोविन्द चातक  
 कद्रू का नाग ह्वेन, बिनता का गरुड़ कद्रू बनिता द्वी ह्वेली सौत सूती डाह छै  तौमा कद्रू बोल्दि तब -हे भूली बिनता तेरो बेटा भानपंखी रंद सूर्या का लोक मा सूर्य भगवान को रथ चलौंद बोल दौं हे भुलि सूर्य को रथ कै रंग को होलो?तब बिनता बोलदे सूर्य को स्वेत  रथ होलो तब नागु की माता कना बैन बोदे -आज भुलि तेरा मेरा बीच कौल होई जाला मै सणि तू भुलि धरम दियाल सूर्य को सुफेद रथ होलो तब मै तेरी दासी होई जौलो अर  काळो   रथ होलो तब तू मेरी दासी बणी जाली।
तब कॉल करार करिगे नागु की माता , रौंदड़ा लगौंदी तब छुयेड़ा चारदे मन मारिक अपणा काल्गिरी नाग ....... 

                     Story of Kadru and Binta Folklore of Garhwal-Kumaon

        Kadru and Binta were co-wives or Sautiya sisters.  Kadru was mother of Nag (snakes) and Binta was mother of Garud (eagles). They had Sautiya Dah (strong jealousy) between them. Once, Kadru asked Binta the color of Surya’s  Rath  (Sun’s chariot) as Binta’s son Bhanupankhi was chariot driver of Sun. Binta informed that the color of Sun Chariot is white but Kadru denied and said that the color of Sun Chariot is black. Both ended in betting for the colour of Sun Chariot. The bet was that whoever would lose would become the slave of winner of bet.

  Kadru the mother of Nag (snakes) was worried as she was afraid of losing bet because the color of Sun Chariot was white. She called her son Kalgiri Nag and told her the incident of betting between her and Binta.  Kadru ordered Kalgiri to make Sun chariot as black. Kalgiri went to Sun galaxy along with his brothers and they all surrounded Sun. By the surrounding of snakes the Sun Chariot seemed as blackish chariot. 

  Happily Kadru called Binta and showed the black colored Sun Chariot. Binta lost the bet and told that from tomorrow she would be slave of Kadru.  

             Binta was sad as her step son Bhanupankhi (son of Kadru) informed in past that the color of Sun Chariot was white.   

      Mishri Garud (eagle) became restless in heaven (with lord Vishnu). He tells his boss lord Vishnu that there is something wrong with her mother and she is in some dire situation. Mishri Garud reached to his mother Binti but his mother did not show love for him. After perusal Binta told that his step brother Bhanpankhi deceived her and covered sun Chariot for showing black color and now she is slave of Kadru.  Mishri Garud. Misri Garud took the vow to free his mother from slavery of his step mother Kadru.

 Mishri Garud reached to his step brother Kalgiri Nag and said,’” kalgiri! Why did you make my mother slave of your mother by deceit methods?’”

Kalgiri answered, If you bring Amrit kalash from heaven and give it us, we shall free your mother from slavery.”

 Mishri Garud brought Amrit Kalash (Nectar Pot) to Kalgiri Nag. Kalgiri Nag became happy and decided to take Amrit after bathing. Kalgiri Nag went for bathing. In the mean time lord Vishnu came and advised to Garud that he should also deceive Kalgiri. As per advice, Mishri Garud took Nectar Pot to heaven and came back to Naglok.

   When kalgiri came back after bathing he did not find the Nectar pot and he became angry on Mishri Garud. Kalgiri started attacking garud for battle. There was stif battle between Mishri Garud and snakes. Mishri Garud killed all snakes.

 Kalgiri snake hid near Mishridah pond. A fish came near Mishridah pond. Mishri Garud killed that fish and its blood and flesh fell on a sage. The sage cursed Mishri Garud that if his shadow fells on the pond the Garud would die.

 Lord Vishnu brough back Kalgiri Nag and told,” Nag and Garud! You all are brothers. You should live together with discipline. Garud should only kill a snake in a month. “

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 21/11/2013

Review of Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Community Dramas; Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional to be continued in next chapter.

                 References

1-Bharat Natyam

2-Steve Tillis, 1999, Rethinking Folk Drama

3-Roger Abrahams, 1972, Folk Dramas in Folklore and Folk life 

4-Tekla Domotor , Folk drama as defined in Folklore and Theatrical Research

5-Kathyrn Hansen, 1991, Grounds for Play: The Nautanki Theater of North India

6-Devi Lal Samar, Lokdharmi Pradarshankari Kalayen 

7-Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 1-12

8-Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Loknritya geet

9-Jeremy Montagu, 2007, Origins and Development of Musical Instruments

10-Gayle Kassing, 2007, History of Dance: An Interactive Arts Approach

11- Bhishma Kukreti, 2013, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhya Tatva va Charitra, Shailvani, Kotdwara

12- Bhishma Kukreti, 2007, Garhwali lok swangun ma rasa ar Bhav , Chithipatri

Xx

 Indignation Sentiment in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays; Indignation Sentiment in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Chamoli Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Indignation Sentiment in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Rudraprayag Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Sentiment in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Pauri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Indignation Sentiment in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Tehri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Indignation Sentiment in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Uttarkashi Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Indignation Sentiment in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Dehradun Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Indignation Sentiment in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Haridwar Garhwal, North India, South Asia;

गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  अमर्ष भाव; टिहरी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में अमर्ष भाव;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  अमर्ष  भाव;हरिद्वारगढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में   अमर्ष भाव;देहरादून गढ़वाल के गढवालीलोक नाटकों में अमर्ष   भाव;पौड़ी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में   अमर्षभाव;चमोली गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में  अमर्ष  भाव; रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वालके गढवाली लोक नाटकों में अमर्ष   भाव;