Chand King Hariharchandra and Hantya of innocent people killed by Guru Gyanchandra

(History of Kumaon from 1000-1790 AD)

         (History of Chand Dynasty Rule in Kumaon)

History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar) - Part 155

                                              By: Bhishma Kukreti

                          Atkinson and other suggest that king Gyanchandra /Gyan Chand expired around April 1420. However, at the end of his life and after his death there were many deaths in Gyanchandra/Gyan Chand family.

  The following family members were prominent in Gaynchandra /Gyan Chand time.

Name -----------Inscription Date ---------Rule period as per ‘A’ list ------Atkinson View ----Dabral View

Hariharchandra---------1397------------------1419-20---------------------------------1419-------------No

Bharatchandra------------1397-----------------No-----------------------------------------No ----------------No

Dhyan or Udyanchandra------1444----------1420-21---------------------------------1420-21----------1420-21

Atmachandra-------------------------------------1421-22-----------------------------------1421-22---------No

Harishchandra--------------------1444------------1422-23------------------------------1422-23------------142-23

Vikramchandra-------------------1423--------------1423-37---------------------------1423-37--------------1423-37

 The above figure clearly suggests that the inscription period of Hariharchandra and Bharatchandra are when they both were prince.

   According to Atkinson, Uddyan Chandra or Dhyanchand repented for the sinful works of Gyanchandra/Gyan Chand.

There is one inscription that suggests that Atmachandra did not rule.

आसीत् श्रीज्ञानचन्द्रस्त्रिभुवनविजयी तत्सुतो ध्यानचन्द्रः

तत्पुत्रो  धर्मचन्द्रस्तदनुसम्भवः श्रीहरिश्चन्द्रभूपः

त्रैलोक्यख्यातकीर्तिः सकलबुधनुततत्सुतो श्री प्रतापः

मायायां दानधारां धरतिसुरतरुभारतीचन्द्र्नामाः

(   U.P. Historical Society, December 1942)

The above inscription suggests following dates

Gyanchandra -1367-1420

Dhyan (Udyan) Chandra 1420-22

Dhyan Chandra had two sons Dharm Chandra (?) and Harishchandra (1422-23)

Harishachandra had two sons Vikram Chandra and Harishchandra

Vikramchandra (son of Harishchandra) ruled from 1423-1434

Kali Kalyanchandra (son of Vikramchandra) ruled from 1434-1468

After kali Kalyan Chand son of Pratap Chandra ruled from 1444-45 or 1468-1499

There is inscription of kunvar Dhanya Chandra the son of Pratapchandr of 1445.

                 It is believed that Hantya a ritual of innocent people killed by Gyanchandra was performed by Dhyan Chandra.  Hantya a ritual is performed to satisfy the unsatisfactory souls of those who are killed or expire by unnatural means.

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti -bckukreti@gmail.com 25/9/2013

                                      References

Dr. Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas Bhag 10, Kumaon ka Itihas 1000-1790

Badri Datt Pande, 1937, Kumaon ka Itihas, Shri Almora Book Depo Almora

Devidas Kaysth, Itihas Kumaon Pradesh

Katyur ka Itihas, Pundit Ram Datt Tiwari

Oakley and Gairola, Himalayan Folklore

Atkinson, History of District Gazette

Menhadi Husain, Tuglak Dynasty

Malfujat- E Timuri

Tarikh -e-Mubarakshahi vol 4

Kumar Suresh Singh2005, People of India

Justin Marozzi, 2006, Tamerlane: Sword of Islam

Bakshsingh Nijar, 1968, Punjab under Sultans 1000-1526 

The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Volume 13 page 52 

Bhakt Darshan, Gadhwal ki Divangit Vibhutiyan

Mahajan V.D.1991, History of Medieval India

Majumdar R.C. (edited) 2006, The Sultanate

(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

                           

History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -156

History of Kumaon (1000-1790) to be continued….

 Middle Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History of Chand Dynasty rule in Kumaon to be continued…

  (Middle Himalayan, Indian Medieval Age History (740-1790 AD to be continued…)