Foreign Policy of Garhwal Kings in Pal /Shah Period -7
Administration, Social and Cultural Characteristics History of Garhwal in Shah Dynasty -36
History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -225
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -473
By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
In Katyuri Kingdom, Garhwal and Kumaon had been part of one rule. Most of the social, cultural, religious, agricultural aspects became same in both the regions.
By fifteenth century, even in language, there was no difference except local dialects.
As soon as the Chand and Pal Kingdoms in Kumaon and Garhwal respectively emerged, the nationality in both the regions also emerged.
Kirti Chand attacked on Chandpur at the time of Ajaypal.
Ajyapal had to shift the capital to Shrinagar.
Kumaon King Rudrachand attacked Garhwal Kingdom when Balbhadra Shah was King.Balbhadra Shah did treaty with Katyuri King Sukhaldev. Rudrachand attacked on Sukhaldev but Garhwal King could not help Katyuri ruler.
Kumaon King Lakshmi Chand attacked Garhwal Kingdom for eight times when Garhwal King was Manshah. Lakshmi Chand had been unsuccessful in invading Garhwal.
Trimal Chand (son of Lakhshmi Chand) had to take shelter under Garhwal King Shyam Shah in Shrinagar.
There were cordial relation between Trimal Chand and Garhwal King.
Bajbahadur the Kumaun King helped Mughal Empire to destroy Garhwal Kingdom but Garhwal King Medani Shah was winner. Kumaon King Udtyot Chand (Son of Bajbahadur Chand) attacked on Garhwal Kingdom and Garhwal King did treaty with Katyuri King of Doti and Katyuri Ruler of east Kumaon. Garhwal King Medani Shah captured Doongiri and Dwarhat and Katyuri captured Champawat.
There were battles between Garhwal King Fateshah and Kumaon King Gyanchand for twelve years. The bordering villages of Garhwal and kumaon became people less and became Jungles as people flee from those villages.
Devi Chand attacked twice on Garhwal.
There were cordial relation with Kumaon King Kalyan Chand and Garhwal King Pradip Shah. Rohilla captured Kumaon and Garhwal King helped Kumaon.
Due to advice of Harsh Dev Joshi, Pradip Shah attacked on Kumaon and had to get defeat.
Lalit Shah got Kumaon Kingdom for his son Pradyuman Shah. Pradyuman Shah ruled Kumaon but came back to Garhwal.
By enlarge, there had been non cordial relations between Garhwal Kingdom and Kumaon Kingdom. People had to suffer a lot due to wars between two Kingdoms. Mughal could exploit both the Kingdoms because hostile relationship between Garhwal and Kumaon. Gorkha could win Kumaon and later on Garhwal due to enmity between two Kingdoms. However, socially, the bordering Kumaoni and Garhwalis were cordial with each other.
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com5/11/2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -474
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter ….
History of Characteristics of Garhwal Kings Shah dynasty, to be continued
XX
Notes on South Asian Modern Period History of Garhwal; South Asian Modern Period History of Pauri Garhwal; South Asian Modern Period History of Chamoli Garhwal; South Asian Modern Period History of Rudraprayag Garhwal; South Asian Modern History of Tehri Garhwal; South Asian Modern History of Uttarkashi Garhwal; South Asian Modern Period History of Dehradun, Garhwal; Modern History of Haridwar ; South Asian Modern Period History of Manglaur, Haridwar; South Asian Modern Period History of Rurkee Haridwar ; South Asian Modern Period History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian Modern Period History of Haridwar district, South Asian History of Bijnor old Garhwal
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