Craftsmen under Scheduled Castes in Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period

 History Aspects of Lifestyle in Garhwal in pal /Shah Era -7

Administration, Social and Cultural Characteristics History of Garhwal in Shah Dynasty -44 

History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -233     

   History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -481 

                        By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)

 Garhwal villages depended on village craftsmen for all the works.

They were –

Lwar /lohar – Ironsmith

Tamta – metal smith

Bhadeliya- Metal Smith

Dhalothi- Metal Smith

Oad and Mistary, Raj - Building builders and workers

Badhai- Carpenters

Dhanik- Bow and Arrow makers

Mochi, Badi, Nagarchi, Pummi- Leather works workers

Rudiya- Bamboo appliances makers

There was no darji caste as such but Auji or other scheduled caste people used to sew clothing.

The people used to offer grains in exchange of works. Dadwar was a custom that in each harvesting, harvester would offer crops etc to craftsmen as per their works.

Agariya (Mines miners); Dhuni (gold dust extractors from river sand); Khairi (Catechu extractors) were also there but were not necessary parts of society as Iron smith etc were there.

                               Public works Workers  

Village watchman , village messenger, bridge maker ( Jhuliya); boatmen (Dhunar) and Tantriks as Doomjogi –Doonath; Dalyanath, Daundiya (protectors of crops from calamity through Mantra and Tantra); were  also there in a village or in a region. They used to get Dadwar too.

                Doomhali worker

Doomhali worker was a type of slave. Usually, who had huge farm land they used to buy a slave from scheduled caste family. Doomhali was given a place to build a hut. Doomhali used to plough, make field fertile etc and used to do all works of his master. Doomhali used to get Dadwar and grains as usual.

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com13/11/2014

History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -482 

(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter ….

History of Characteristics of Garhwal Kings Shah dynasty, to be continued

XX                     

Notes on South Asian Modern Period  History of Garhwal;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Pauri Garhwal; South Asian  Modern Period  History of Chamoli Garhwal;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Rudraprayag Garhwal;  South Asian Modern  History of Tehri Garhwal; South Asian Modern  History of Uttarkashi Garhwal;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Dehradun, Garhwal;  Modern  History of Haridwar ; South Asian Modern Period   History of Manglaur, Haridwar;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Rurkee Haridwar ;  South Asian Modern Period   History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian Modern Period History of Haridwar district, South Asian History of Bijnor old Garhwal

XX

History aspects - Craftsmen under Scheduled Castes in Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period; History aspects - Craftsmen under Scheduled Castes in Bijnor , old Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period; History aspects - Craftsmen under Scheduled Castes in Haridwar Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period; History aspects - Craftsmen under Scheduled Castes in Dehradun Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period; History aspects - Craftsmen under Scheduled Castes in Uttarkashi Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period; History aspects - Craftsmen under Scheduled Castes in Tehri Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period; History aspects - Craftsmen under Scheduled Castes in Rudraprayag Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period; History aspects - Craftsmen under Scheduled Castes in Chamoli Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period; History aspects - Craftsmen under Scheduled Castes in Pauri Garhwal in Pal /Shah Period;