Land Management and Land Ownership in British Period -2

British Administration in Garhwal   -7         

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History of British Rule/Administration over Kumaun and Garhwal (1815-1947) -23

            History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -861

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                              By: Bhishma Kukreti (History Student)

 

      In his first land settlement, Trail decided Farukhabadi Rs. 37614 for collecting tax from Garhwal division. British government could collect tax for Rs 35990/-.  Other estimated collection was as follows-

Chungi /Toll tax—5000/

Excise on alcoholic drinks etc from Shrinagar – 90/-

Excise on hemp- 275/-

Stamp on coins in Mints- 100/-

River crossing – 35/-

Mujari/ commercial or professional tax- 30/-

   Later on, Trail cancelled professional tax ( Dever  page 450)

   In second land settlement, Trail decided Rs.41782 against previous tax collectable for Rs. 37614 a 10 % rise. The amount Rs.41782 was divided among villages of respective Pattis (Pauri settlement page 57).

  Gram Padhan used to calculate tax on farmers of his area or villages. If any farmer used to rise question or do not pay, Padhan used to add that amount on all other farmers.  Records were kept for all farmers. It was common that land used to wash away in land slides or floods. Most of the time, the farmers used to apply for deduction in taxable land. In such case, Gram Padhan and other elite villagers used to decide about land under taxation. No written statements were kept for such cases Pauri settlement page 55).

   Atkinson stated that in second land settlement, Trail did agreement with Padhan directly barring Nagpur. However, the Sayanas  Seela, Lobha and a couple of Pargana were successful in doing agreement of their sons and relatives as Padhan with British government and could successful in making villagers as Khaikar.

    The new settlement was new for Garhwal region and was done for a year (1816-1817). The new system opened a new door for Padhan freeing from the slavery of Sayana or Thokdar. In the enw patta-Kaul , Malgujar word for Jagirdar and taluka word for pargana were used.Dabral)

 

 

 

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 26/7/2016

History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -862

*** History of British Rule/Administration over Kumaun, (Pauri, Rudraprayag, and Chamoli) Garhwal (1815-1947) to be continued in next chapter

(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

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References  

 1-Shiv Prasad Dabral ‘Charan’, Uttarakhand ka Itihas, Part -7 Garhwal par British -Shasan, part -1, page 154-155

2-Devar, English Pre Mutiny Records, page 462

 

      Xx

History of British Rule, Administration, Policies, Revenue system,  over Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies Revenue system  over Pauri Garhwal, Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies ,Revenue system  over Chamoli Garhwal, Nainital Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies ,Revenue system  over Rudraprayag Garhwal, Almora Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies ,Revenue system  over Dehradun , Champawat Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History of British Rule, Administration, Policies, ,Revenue system  over Bageshwar  Kumaon, Uttarakhand;

History of British Rule, Administration, Policies, Revenue system over Haridwar, Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand;