गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों में एकतारा वाद्य यंत्र

Review of Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional Plays part -140   

                  गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों के वाद्य यंत्र

                             

                     Bhishma Kukreti (लोक साहित्य शोधार्थी)

                  Chordophone Musical Instruments of Garhwali Folk Dramas

            

              Ektara: A One String Folk Musical Instrument of Garhwali Folk Dramas

                         गढ़वाली लोक नाटकों  में  एकतारा  वाद्य यंत्र

         Ektara is one of the simplest and might be one of the old string musical instruments of Garhwal.

 In Old classical Sanskrit Literature, Ektara is mentioned as Ektantri Vina. Ektara was popular in Vedic period too.

To make Ektara, dry pumpkin is used and holed at two places and then covered by leather or other materials. A wooden stick around 75 CM long and 2 Cm diameter is connected to Pumpkin bowl through holes. Pegs at both end of stick are used for tightening or loosening the string. Then a string is based from last corner of wood stick and Pumpkin. String is stuck by fingers  to produce sound. The Ektara is kept on one solder and held by a hand by other hand fingers stuck the string.

 Usually, in Garhwal, Dalya or Guru Gorakhnath sect priest use Ektara while Dalya Guru sings the preaching of Guru Gorakhnath or story of Gopichand. The following Geet was sung by Parmantha a Dalya Guru in Jaspur around 1967-168 with Ektara

ऋद्धि  को सुमिरों सिद्धि को सुमिरों सुमिरों सारदा माई।

अर  सुमिरों गुरु अविनाशी को , सुमिरों कृष्न कनाई।

सदा अमर नि रैंदी धरती माता , बजर पड़े टूट जाई।

अमर नि रैंदा चंद , सुरजि छुचा , मेघ घिरे छिप जाई।।१।।  

माता रोये जनम कूं , बहिन रोये, बहिन रोये छै मासा।

तिरिया रोये डेढ़ घड़ी कूँ , आन करे घर बासा।।२।।

कागज़ पतरी सब कुई बांचे करम नि बांचे कुई।

राज घरों को राजकुंवर , बुबा करणी जोग लिखाई।। ३ ।।

सुन रै बेटा गोपीचंद जी बात सुनो चित लाई।

कंचन कया , कंचन कामिनी मति कैसे भरमाई।।  ४।।  

अलख निरंजन अलख निरंजन, सुन रे बेटा गोपीचंद जी बात सुनो चित लाई।

अलख निरंजन , अलख निरंजन जपो रे भाई , हो भव सागर पार

  

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 21/4/2014

Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Community Dramas; Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional to be continued in next chapter

                 References

1-Bharat Natyashastra

2-Steve Tillis, 1999, Rethinking Folk Drama

3-Roger Abrahams, 1972, Folk Dramas in Folklore and Folk life 

4-Tekla Domotor , Folk drama as defined in Folklore and Theatrical Research

5-Kathyrn Hansen, 1991, Grounds for Play: The Nautanki Theater of North India

6-Devi Lal Samar, Lokdharmi Pradarshankari Kalayen 

7-Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 1-12

8-Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Loknritya geet

9-Jeremy Montagu, 2007, Origins and Development of Musical Instruments

10-Gayle Kassing, 2007, History of Dance: An Interactive Arts Approach

11- Bhishma Kukreti, 2013, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhya Tatva va Charitra, Shailvani, Kotdwara

12- Bhishma Kukreti, 2007, Garhwali Lok Swangun ma rasa ar Bhav , Chithipatri

13-Manorama Sharma, Tribal Melodies of Himachal Pradesh: Gaddi Folk Music

 XX

 Ektara: the One String Musical Instrument in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays;  Ektara: the One String Musical Instrument  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Chamoli Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Ektara: the One String Musical Instrument in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Rudraprayag Garhwal, North India, South Asia;   Ektara: the One String Musical Instrumentin Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Pauri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Ektara: the One String Musical Instrument in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Tehri Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Ektara: the One String Musical Instrument in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Uttarkashi Garhwal, North India, South Asia;  Ektara: the One String Musical Instrument  in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Dehradun Garhwal, North India, South Asia; Ektara: the One String Musical Instrument in Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Rituals, Community Theaters and Traditional Plays from Haridwar Garhwal, North India, South Asia

गढवाली लोक नाटकों में एकतारा  वाद्य यंत्र ,  टिहरी गढ़वाल के गढवालीलोक नाटकों में  एकतारा  वाद्य यंत्र;उत्तरकाशी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोकनाटकों में एकतारा  वाद्य यंत्र, हरिद्वार गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकोंमें एकतारा  वाद्य यंत्र  ;देहरादून गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों मेंएकतारा  वाद्य यंत्र ;पौड़ी गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में एकतारा वाद्य यंत्र;चमोली गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में एकतारा  वाद्य यंत्र;रुद्रप्रयाग गढ़वाल के गढवाली लोक नाटकों में एकतारा  वाद्य यंत्र