History Review: Commercial Relationship of Garhwal Kings with Mogul Emperor Akbar or Export from Garhwal

History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -94       

                                            

 History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -340 

                       By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)

 Demand of Garhwal Products in other Indian Territories including Akbar Kingdom

 Garhwal was famous for following produces in other parts of India in Sahajpal Period-

Sword etc- Khukhari, Chhuri(knife), Khande etc.

Minerals and precious metal-Borax, Gold dust, copper

Dress materials- Woolen products, wool, leather, Hemp fiber etc

Forest and herbal produces- Herbal medicines and herbs, bamboo, bamboo products etc

Spices etc- Hemp, Dal chini

Animals- Tiger, horses were supplied to Akbar. There was demand for deer, rabbits etc especially from Bhabhar. Chanvar Gay was in demand.

The exclusive products  of Tibet border were also in demand.

Ganga water- Ganga water was exported from Garhwal.

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com15/5/2014

History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -341

                                                              

                                      References

1-Dr. Shiv Prasad Dabral, 1971, Uttarakhand ka Itihas Bhag-4, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, Pauri Garhwal, India 

2-Harikrishna Raturi, Garhwal ka Itihas

3-Dr. Patiram, Garhwal Ancient and Modern

4-Rahul Sankrityayan, Garhwal

5- Oakley and Gairola, Himalayan Folklore

6- Bhakt Darshan, Garhwal ki Divangit Vibhutiyan

7-Foster, Early Travels in India William Finch

8-Upadhyaya, Shri Shankaracharya

9-Shering, Western Tibet and British

10-H.G. Walton, Gazetteer of British Garhwal

11-B.P.Kamboj, Early Wall Paintings of Garhwal

12-H.g Walton, Gazetteer of Dehradun

13- Vimal Chandra, Prachin Bharat ka Itihas

14-Meera Seth, Wall Paintings of Western Himalayas 

15-Furar, Monumental Antiquities

16-Haudiwala, Studies in Indo-Muslim History

17- Rahul Khari 2007, Jats and Gujjar Origin, History and Culture

18- Upendra Singh, 2006, Delhi: Ancient History, Barghahan Books

19- B.S. Dahiya, 1980, Jats the Ancient Rulers (A Clan Study) , Sterling Publications

20- Maithani, Bharat –Gotrapravardeepika

21 Prem Hari Har Lal, 1993, The Doon Valley Down the Ages

22-Dashrath Sharma, Early Chauhan Dynasties

23- Shailndra Nath Sen, Ancient History and Civilization

24-H.M Elliot, 1867, The History of India as told by its Own Historians

25- Jaswant Lal Mehta, 1979, Advance Study in Medieval India

26- Nau Nihal Singh, 2003, The Royal Gurjars: their contribution to India, Anmol Publications 

27- H. Blochmann, 1873,  Aine e- Akbari Translation

(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter          

Notes on South Asian Medieval History of Garhwal;  SouthAsian Medieval History of Pauri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Chamoli Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Rudraprayag Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Tehri Garhwal;  Medieval History of Uttarkashi Garhwal;  South Asian Medieval History of Dehradun, Garhwal;  Medieval History of Haridwar ;  South Asian Medieval History of Manglaur, Haridwar;  South Asian Medieval History of Rurkee Haridwar ;  South Asian Medieval History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian History of Haridwar district to be continued

XX

History Review: Commercial Relationship of Garhwal Kings with Mogul Emperor Akbar or Export from Garhwal; History Review: Commercial Relationship of Garhwal Kings with Mogul Emperor Akbar or Export from Garhwal with context History of Garhwal; History Review: Commercial Relationship of Garhwal Kings with Mogul Emperor Akbar or Export from Garhwal with context History of Haridwar Garhwal; History Review: Commercial Relationship of Garhwal Kings with Mogul Emperor Akbar or Export from Garhwal with context History of Dehradun Garhwal; History Review: Commercial Relationship of Garhwal Kings with Mogul Emperor Akbar or Export from Garhwal with context History of Uttarkashi Garhwal; History Review: Commercial Relationship of Garhwal Kings with Mogul Emperor Akbar or Export from Garhwal with context History of Tehri Garhwal; History Review: Commercial Relationship of Garhwal Kings with Mogul Emperor Akbar or Export from Garhwal with context History of Chamoli Garhwal; History Review: Commercial Relationship of Garhwal Kings with Mogul Emperor Akbar or Export from Garhwal with context History of Rudraprayag Garhwal; History Review: Commercial Relationship of Garhwal Kings with Mogul Emperor Akbar or Export from Garhwal with context History of Pauri Garhwal; History Review: Commercial Relationship of Garhwal Kings with Mogul Emperor Akbar or Export from Garhwal with context History of Bhabhar Garhwal;