Sugauli Treaty -3
Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) -302
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -832
By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Student)
There was no treaty even by discussion of British with Gajraj Mishra and Bamshah representatives. On 22nd July 1815, Governor General sent a threatening letter to Nepal King. In the threatening letter, Governor General stated that British believed on certain principles that it did not keep any demand that thereafter there was dispute. The war was trust on us by Nepal as Nepal did not abide principles. Nepal thirsted war on British and British would not leave the rights to get back the loss occurred in war.
However, due to insistences of Amar Singh Thapa and others Nepal court did not take any decision for treaty. There was hope of getting helps from China and Tibet Lamas.
There was a discussion on the treaty in Nepal Court (Chhalbal). Amar Singh Thapa said that Nepal should wait the rainy season as British army had to go back in Rainy season. By that Nepal would get sufficient time for war with British. There was news that Chinese King sent an army from Digarchi for helping Nepal.
Governor General closed the treaty discussion and instructed Ochterlony for new war with Nepal. Governor General authorized Ochterlony for discussion for treaty too. Governor General took decision for sending a huge army for Ochterlony.
The instruction for Ochterlony was -
1-Major General John Wood with 5000 soldiers and a few guns would capture Tarai of Gorakhpur region. If possible, Wood would capture Palpa , Tenzing and west valley of Nepal.
2-Lieutenant Colonel Gasper Nichols would capture Doti with 6500 soldiers and 20 Guns through Pilipbhit. Edward Gardner would march with Nichols for luring Bamshah to be King of Doti and helping British. Lieutenant Colonel Adams with army would enter Doti through Kumaon.
3-In far East , Captain Latter would protect border and would inspire Sikkimese for surrounding Nagari Fort.
4- Ochterlony would capture Makwanpur. If Nepal King did not be ready for treaty Ochterlony would march for capturing Kathmandu.
In that second campaign, there were 35,000 soldiers and more than 100canons. That huge army was enough for threatening 12000 soldiers Nepal Army. Hastings wanted to threaten Nepal by huge army.
However, Nepal was not ready for bending before British without a war.
(From writings of Atkinson, Preamble, , Saxsena, Fraser, Princep, Maularam, Balchandra Sharma, Sanwal, English pre mutiny records, Dehradun vol., 8; Saklani, Mutiny records Kumaon; Achieves of Tehri Kingdom Record etc.)
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 20/6/2016
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -833
*** History of Gorkha/Gurkha /Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) to be continued in next chapter
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
XX Reference
Atkinson E.T., 1884, 1886, Gazetteer of Himalayan Districts …
Hamilton F.B. 1819, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal and the territories
Colnol Kirkpatrik 1811, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal
Dr S.P Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 5, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda
Bandana Rai, 2009 Gorkhas,: The Warrior Race
Krishna Rai Aryal, 1975, Monarchy in Making Nepal, Shanti Sadan, Giridhara, Nepal
I.R.Aryan and T.P. Dhungyal, 1975, A New History of Nepal , Voice of Nepal
L.K Pradhan, Thapa Politics:
Gorkhavansavali, Kashi, Bikram Samvat 2021
Derek J. Waller, The Pundits: British Exploration of Tibet and Central Asia page 172-173
B. D. Pande, Kumaon ka Itihas
Balchandra Sharma, Nepal ko Aitihasik Rup Rekha
Chaudhari , Anglo –Nepalese Relations
Pande, Vasudha , Compares Histriographical Traditions of Gorkha Rule in Nepal and Kumaon
Pradhan , Kumar, 1991, The Gorkha Conquests , Oxford University Press
Minyan Govrdhan Singh , History of Himachal Pradesh
A.P Coleman, 1999, A Special Corps
Captain Thomas Smith, 1852,Narrative of a Five Years Residence at Nepal Vol.1
Maula Ram/Mola Ram , Ranbahadurchandrika and Garhrajvanshkavya
J B Fraser , Asiatic Research
Shyam Ganguli, Doon Rediscovered
Minyan Prem Singh, Guldast Tabarikh Koh Tihri Garhwal
Patiram Garhwal , Ancient and Modern
Tara Datt Gairola, Parvtiy Sanskriti
John Premble, Invasion of Nepal
Chitranjan Nepali, Bhimsen Thapa aur Tatkalin Nepal
Sanwal, Nepal and East India Company
Nagendra kr Singh, Refugee to Ruler
Saxena, Historical papers related to Kumaon
Paper Respecting Nepal War by East India Company (papers in Stock)
Basu, Rise of Christian Power in India)
Moti Lal Ghosh, an article in Amrit Bazar Patrika
XXX
History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Pauri Garhwal, Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; Sirmour Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Chamoli Garhwal, Nainital Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Kangara Himachal Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Rudraprayag Garhwal, Almora Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Baghat Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Tehri Garhwal, Champawat Kumaon, Uttarakhand Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; Punar Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Uttarkashi Garhwal, Bageshwar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Nahan Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Dehradun Garhwal, Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History Himachal Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; History of Nepal, History of Doti Nepal, History of Nepalese/ Gurkha regime
Nepal Itihas, Garhwal Itihas, Kumaon Itihas, Himachal Itihas; Gurkha/Gorkha ka Kumaon par Adhikar Itihas , Gurkha/Gorkha Garhwal par Shasan Itihas Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; Gurkha/Gorkha Rule in Kumaon, Garhwal Uttarakhand; History Gurkha/Gorkha Rule in Himachal Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal
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