History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -53
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -298
By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)
At the end of fourteenth century there was rule of one King on whole of Garhwal. There were regional chieftains under Garhwal King too. These chieftains used to help Garhwal king for fighting external attacks of Sultanate army or Timur army. The Garhwal King or chieftains used to offer shelters to Sultanate rebellions without fear of Sultan ire.
Less is known about names of chieftains or kings and their territories. The chieftains and Kings were lacking to make defense strategies for defending Bhabhar, Dehradun and Haridwar.
Army of Garhwal chieftains in Sultanate Attack Period (1206-1500)
The Muslim biographers suggest that Garhwal kings used to have huge army.
The King who defended Muhammad Tughlaq attack had d huge army.
Vatsraj and Ratansen who defended their territories had remarkable army.Other chieftains also helped those two Kings.
Horsemen and pedestrian /artillery army was common at this period.
Arrow-Bow; sword, Khukri, spear were main weapons of Garhwal army. In some cases, camels were used for carrying war materials and food.
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com25/3//2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -299
1-Dr. Shiv Prasad Dabral, 1971, Uttarakhand ka Itihas Bhag-4, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, Pauri Garhwal, India
2-Harikrishna Raturi, Garhwal ka Itihas
3-Dr. Patiram, Garhwal Ancient and Modern
4-Rahul Sankrityayan, Garhwal
5- Oakley and Gairola, Himalayan Folklore
6- Bhakt Darshan, Garhwal ki Divangit Vibhutiyan
7-Foster, Early Travels in India William Finch
8-Upadhyaya, Shri Shankaracharya
9-Shering, Western Tibet and British
10-H.G. Walton, Gazetteer of British Garhwal
11-B.P.Kamboj, Early Wall Paintings of Garhwal
12-H.g Walton, Gazetteer of Dehradun
13- Vimal Chandra, Prachin Bharat ka Itihas
14-Meera Seth, Wall Paintings of Western Himalayas
15-Furar, Monumental Antiquities
16-Haudiwala, Studies in Indo-Muslim History
17- Rahul Khari 2007, Jats and Gujjar Origin, History and Culture
18- Upendra Singh, 2006, Delhi: Ancient History, Barghahan Books
19- B.S. Dahiya, 1980, Jats the Ancient Rulers (A Clan Study) , Sterling Publications
20- Maithani, Bharat –Gotrapravardeepika
21 Prem Hari Har Lal, 1993, The Doon Valley Down the Ages
22-Dashrath Sharma, Early Chauhan Dynasties
23- Shailndra Nath Sen, Ancient History and Civilization
24-H.M Elliot, 1867, The History of India as told by its Own Historians
25- Jaswant Lal Mehta, 1979, Advance Study in Medieval India
26- Nau Nihal Singh, 2003, The Royal Gurjars: their contribution to India, Anmol Publications
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter
Notes on South Asian Medieval History of Garhwal; South Asian Medieval History of Pauri Garhwal; Medieval History of Chamoli Garhwal; South Asian Medieval History of Rudraprayag Garhwal; South Asian Medieval History of Tehri Garhwal; Medieval History of Uttarkashi Garhwal; South Asian Medieval History of Dehradun, Garhwal; Medieval History of Haridwar ; South Asian Medieval History of Manglaur, Haridwar; South Asian Medieval History of Rurkee Haridwar ; South Asian Medieval History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian History of Haridwar district to be continued…
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History Review of Political Scenes in Garhwal in Sultanate Attack Period (1206-1500); History Review of Political Scenes in Pauri Garhwal in Sultanate Attack Period (1206-1500); History Review of Political Scenes in Chamoli Garhwal in Sultanate Attack Period (1206-1500); History Review of Political Scenes in Rudraprayag Garhwal in Sultanate Attack Period (1206-1500); History Review of Political Scenes in Tehri Garhwal in Sultanate Attack Period (1206-1500); History Review of Political Scenes in Uttarkashi Garhwal in Sultanate Attack Period (1206-1500); History Review of Political Scenes in Haridwar Garhwal in Sultanate Attack Period (1206-1500); History Review of Political Scenes in Dehradun Garhwal in Sultanate Attack Period (1206-1500);
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