History of Upper Caste in Garhwal including Haridwar from 00 to 1500 and Spread of Untouchability and Caste based Slavery Part -4
(Garhwal, Haridwar me Kaun Jati Kahan Se Ayi aur Kahan Basi)
History of Garhwal including Haridwar (1223- 1804 AD) –part -57
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -302
By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student
Pandas of Haridwar
There is mention in Mahabharata that Dhritrashtra visited Haridwar for offering Tributes to dead (Pind dan) in Kurukshetra war. That means Panda system persisted in Haridwar. That suggests that Savarn and Shudra or caste System existed in Haridwar too.
Savarn and Shudra System
The caste system existed in Mahabharata period too. Shudra or Doom system existed in that period.
However, the migrated Rajput and Brahmins to Garhwal from all over India made the local inhabitants of Garhwal as Doom or Shudra. Rajput and Brahmins migrated from other regions became Bith or Savarn. These migrated Rajput and Brahmins were offered land by kings and the local inhabitants were deprived from land ownership. The Shilpkar (Doom or Shudra) were deprived from various human rights and rituals.
The upper caste Rajputs and Brahmins (especially migrated to Garhwal from other regions) made the original inhabitants their slaves. This slave system or Doom system existed till 1947.
The Muslim attackers on Garhwal captured lakhs of Garhwalis and made them slaves. Those captives were taken as animals. Nobody knew their pains as slaves.
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com28/3//2014
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -302
1-Dr. Shiv Prasad Dabral, 1971, Uttarakhand ka Itihas Bhag-4, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda, Pauri Garhwal, India
2-Harikrishna Raturi, Garhwal ka Itihas
3-Dr. Patiram, Garhwal Ancient and Modern
4-Rahul Sankrityayan, Garhwal
5- Oakley and Gairola, Himalayan Folklore
6- Bhakt Darshan, Garhwal ki Divangit Vibhutiyan
7-Foster, Early Travels in India William Finch
8-Upadhyaya, Shri Shankaracharya
9-Shering, Western Tibet and British
10-H.G. Walton, Gazetteer of British Garhwal
11-B.P.Kamboj, Early Wall Paintings of Garhwal
12-H.g Walton, Gazetteer of Dehradun
13- Vimal Chandra, Prachin Bharat ka Itihas
14-Meera Seth, Wall Paintings of Western Himalayas
15-Furar, Monumental Antiquities
16-Haudiwala, Studies in Indo-Muslim History
17- Rahul Khari 2007, Jats and Gujjar Origin, History and Culture
18- Upendra Singh, 2006, Delhi: Ancient History, Barghahan Books
19- B.S. Dahiya, 1980, Jats the Ancient Rulers (A Clan Study) , Sterling Publications
20- Maithani, Bharat –Gotrapravardeepika
21 Prem Hari Har Lal, 1993, The Doon Valley Down the Ages
22-Dashrath Sharma, Early Chauhan Dynasties
23- Shailndra Nath Sen, Ancient History and Civilization
24-H.M Elliot, 1867, The History of India as told by its Own Historians
25- Jaswant Lal Mehta, 1979, Advance Study in Medieval India
26- Nau Nihal Singh, 2003, The Royal Gurjars: their contribution to India, Anmol Publications
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal from 1223-1804 to be continued in next chapter
Notes on South Asian Medieval History of Garhwal; South Asian Medieval History of Pauri Garhwal; Medieval History of Chamoli Garhwal; South Asian Medieval History of Rudraprayag Garhwal; South Asian Medieval History of Tehri Garhwal; Medieval History of Uttarkashi Garhwal; South Asian Medieval History of Dehradun, Garhwal; Medieval History of Haridwar ; South Asian Medieval History of Manglaur, Haridwar; South Asian Medieval History of Rurkee Haridwar ; South Asian Medieval History of Bahadarpur Haridwar ; South Asian History of Haridwar district to be continued
No comments:
Post a Comment
आपका बहुत बहुत धन्यवाद
Thanks for your comments