History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) - Part 62
Historical Aspects of Classical Period of Haridwar -Kumaon-Garhwal (Uttarakhand), Himalayas-4
Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature- part -2
(This History chapter up is dedicated to great historian Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Garhwali poet Sada Nand Jakhmola, Editor of Satyapath Lalita Prasad Naithani, Dr. Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Kunvar Singh Negi, ‘Karmath’, Srimati Kamla Ratnam, Banarasi Das Chaturvedi , Dr. Mayaram Uniyal who did sound research on Kalidasa literature and Life)
Kalidasa wrote about Himalaya (especially Central Himalaya) in his each drama and poetry collections.
The plot of Kumar Sambhava by Kalidasa is borrowed from Skandpuran. The story is about God arranging marriage of Shiva with Parvati that their son could beat demon Taraka. Kumara the son of Shiva and Parvati killed Taraka demon and restored the deity kingdom.
Kalidasa described today’s Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) in his epic Kumar Sambhav) with details. The depiction of central Himalaya by Kalidasa is such that many Kalidasa experts as Kamla Ratnam suggest that Kalidasa (Kalidasa and the problems of women in his time, referred by Dr Nautiyal) was born in Garhwal-Kumaon region.
In first part of Kumar Sambhava, in 14 shlokas, Kalidasa describes the natural beauty of Himalaya with grace and with lot of figure of speeches. Definitely, the description tallies with any part of Himalayas.
In the same chapter (part 1, 14 Shlokas) of Kumar Sambhav, Kalidasa portrays the epic faith about Himalaya, old sayings, old legends, mythology available in societies. Kalidasa explains that clouds have served the purpose of screen for doors of Himalayan-caves –dwelling Kiratas. It shows that definitely, Kalidas had depth knowledge of Himalayan clouds. In the sixth canto of Kumarsambhava, Kalidas discusses Koshi River. Describing Koshi River means the great poet knew the geography of central Himalaya with depth. It is no surprise to historians that in ancient time the central Himalayan (especially upper central Himalayan) inhabitants used to worship Kumar or Kartikeya with enthusiasm (Pundit Murali Dhar Bhattarai, Birth Place of Kalidasa ( a Synopsis)). Kartikeypur had been the capital of ancient Katyuri kings.
From 15th Shloka of first chapter of Kumar Sambhava, Kalidas illustrates the beauty of Himalaya where Bhagirathi and Ganga flow. The great poet states that there are cedar-auspicious pine trees in the region.
In the third chapter (sarg) of Kumar Sambhava, Kalidas discusses many events happening in the Gandhmadhan mountain (near Badrinath) region of Himalaya.
In sixth part of Kumarsambhava, Kalidasa describes Himalaya as human being. The great poet describes the medical herbs, Geru, cedar tress etc in this chapter.
In seventh and eight chapter of Kumarsambhava, Kalidasa discusses medical plants and beauty of Madrachal, Gandhmadhan and Kailas mountains. Kailas is part of Gandhmadhan shrines in Kumarsambhava epic.
***Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Kalidasa Literature to be continued…part -3
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 3/06/2013
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued… Part -63
Historical Aspects of -Classical Period of Haridwar -Kumaon-Garhwal (Uttarakhand), Himalayas to be continued…5
This chapter discuses historical aspect of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Epic Kumar Sambhav by Kalidasa; historical aspect of Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Epic Kumar Sambhav by Kalidasa; historical aspect of Dehradun, Garhwal (Uttarakhand) in Epic Kumar Sambhav by Kalidasa; historical aspect of Uttarkashi Garhwal (Uttarakhand) in Epic Kumar Sambhav by Kalidasa; historical aspect of Tehri Garhwal (Uttarakhand) in Epic Kumar Sambhav by Kalidasa; historical aspect of Pauri Garhwal (Uttarakhand) in Epic Kumar Sambhav by Kalidasa; historical aspect of Chamoli Garhwal (Uttarakhand) in Epic Kumar Sambhav by Kalidasa; historical aspect of Rudraprayag Garhwal (Uttarakhand) in Epic Kumar Sambhav by Kalidasa; historical aspect of Pithoragarh Kumaon (Uttarakhand) in Epic Kumar Sambhav by Kalidasa; historical aspect of Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon (Uttarakhand) in Epic Kumar Sambhav by Kalidasa; historical aspect of Nainital Kumaon (Uttarakhand) in Epic Kumar Sambhav by Kalidasa; historical aspect of Almora Kumaon (Uttarakhand) in Epic Kumar Sambhav by Kalidasa; historical aspect of Bageshwar Kumaon (Uttarakhand) in Epic Kumar Sambhav by Kalidasa; historical aspect of Champawat Kumaon (Uttarakhand) in Epic Kumar Sambhav by Kalidasa; historical aspect of Bageshwar Kumaon (Uttarakhand) in Epic Kumar Sambhav by Kalidasa; historical aspect of Dwarhat Kumaon (Uttarakhand) in Epic Kumar Sambhav by Kalidasa.
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