History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) - Part 76
(Classical Age History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand))
Foundation of Maukharis Empire (Appx.550AD)
Hunas/Huns/Hun weakened Gupta Empire or displaced Guptas from glory. Pushyabhuti captured Thaneshwar region and declared the territory free. Maukharis captures the whole Uttar Pradesh and decided their capital in Kanauj.
It seems that the first kings of Maukharis were the chieftains of Gupta Empire. Maukhari kingdom was extended to Orissa, Andhra, and Gaud Pradesh too.
Ishanvarman was son of Ishwarvarman. Maukhari King, Ishanvarman increase his arm power vigorously. Ishanvarman stopped the Hun aggression and declared his kingdom from Gupta Empire. Ishanvarman took the title- Maharajadhiraj. Ishanvarman Maukhari had continuous wars with his neighbors. Kumargupta of Gupta Empire defeated Ishanvarman.
Ishanvarman informed in his Hada inscriptions that he won Andhra, Sulik (Chalukya?) and Gaud kings.
Afsar inscriptions suggest that Ishanvarman extended his kingdom territory up to Kartripur (Uttarakhand), Yamuna valley. It is not certain whether Ishanvarman defeated Guha of Kartripur dynasty or not. ,
Sarvvarman Maukhari (576-580)
Sarvvarman Maukhari got the rule after his father death. Sarvvarman Maukhari killed Damodargupta the son of Kumargupta of Gupta Empire of Magadha. Sarvvarman Maukhari was more aggressive and powerful than his father. Sarvvarman Maukhari took the title of ‘Maharajadhiraj’. Sarvvarman Maukhari is described ‘Maharajadhiraj’ in Siroli (Gopeshwar, Garhwal) and Asirgarh inscriptions.
Rule over Uttarakhand by Sarvvarman
Siroli inscription states that Sarvvarman ruled over Kartripur. No other name was there as Sarvvarman. Therefore, it is concluded that Sarvvarman Maukhari ruled over Uttarakhand. His kingdom representative was Narvarman. Narvarman built a Nauli (well type water source).
Hun Attack- There was Hun attacks on Maukharis kingdom. Maukharis diffused Hun attacks. It also seems that Sarvvarman Maukhari ruled over Kumaon, Haridwar and nearby Saharanpur territories; Bareli etc. Nepal had marriage relationship with Maukharis.
Avantivarman Maukhari (580-600)
Avantivarman Maukhari (son of Sarvvarman Maukhari) protected well his territories left by his father. It seems there was rule of Maukharis on Uttarakhand.
After the death of his father Avantivarman, Grahavarman Maukhari ruled Maukharis Kingdom. The wife of Grahavarman Maukhari was the princess of Thaneshwar King. With the help of Gaud king Shashank, Gupta king attacked on Grahavarman Maukhari. The Maukharis king Grahavarman Maukhari was killed by Devgupta in this battle.
Rajyashri, the widow of Grahavarman Maukhari ruled the Maukharis kingdom for some time. Later on Harsha the brother of wife of Grahavarman Maukhari took the Maukharis Kingdom under Thaneshwar Kingdom.
Invention of Chaturanga or Chess Game
It is said that Chaturanga (Chess) game was invented in Maukhari regime.
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 19/06/2013
References:
1-Jayswal, K.P. , Andhkaryugin Bharat
2-Shiv Prasad Dabra, ‘Charan’, 1968, Uttarkhadn ka Itihas, Bhag –1 and 3
3-Rahul Sankrityayan , Garhwal
4-Vasudev Upadhyaya, Gupta Samrajya ka Itihas
5- Raj Pruthi, 2004, The Classical Age
6-Dinesh Saklani, 1998, Ancient Communities of the Himalayas
7-Arun Kumar Mishra, 1992, The Trading Communities in Ancient India:
8- Indian Archeology Review, 1968-69
9- Archeological Survey Catalogue, Chamoli and Dehradun Circle on Internet (Notification number 1669/1133-M/-27/12/1920
10 Chhabda
11-Vatsa and Agarwal article on U.P. Historical Society, July 1944
12-Thapliyal, K.K, 1984, Inscriptions of Maukharis, Late Guptas, Pushyabhutis and Yashovarman of Kanauj
13-Uma Prasad Thapliyal, 2005, Uttaranchal: Historical and Cultural Prospective (Page 29, about Authority of Maukharis on Uttarakhand and Haridwar)
14-.Tripathi, R.S., History of Kanauj
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued… Part -77
Classical Age History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued…
Xxx xxx
Notes on History of Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Maukhari Empire; History of Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, (Uttarakhand) in Maukhari Empire; History of Nainital, Kumaon, (Uttarakhand) in Maukhari Empire; History of Almora, Kumaon, (Uttarakhand) in Maukhari Empire; History of Pithoragarh Kumaon, (Uttarakhand) in Maukhari Empire; History of Bageshwar, Kumaon, (Uttarakhand) in Maukhari Empire; History of Champawat, Kumaon, (Uttarakhand) in Maukhari Empire; History of Rudraprayag, Garhwal, (Uttarakhand) in Maukhari Empire; History of Chamoli, Garhwal, (Uttarakhand) in Maukhari Empire; History of Tehri, Garhwal, (Uttarakhand) in Maukhari Empire; History of Uttarkashi, Garhwal, (Uttarakhand) in Maukhari Empire; History of Dehradun, Garhwal, (Uttarakhand) in Maukhari Empire.
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