History: Judiciary and Executive Gurkha/ Gorkha Administrative Officers in Garhwal

History Discussion on Gurkha/Gorkha Administration in Garhwal -4

History of Gorkha /Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) -69

  

   History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -588

                        By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Research Student)

     Higher cadres from Gurkha/Gorkha Army and administration were busy in Himachal after winning Garhwal. Therefore, Gurkha appointed representatives for micro administration in Kumaon and Garhwal. There were Vichari (Judiciary) and ‘Achari (Executives) officers appointed for Gurkha /Gorkha micro administration in Garhwal. According to Atkinson, these judiciary and executive officers used their power autocratically. There was no ethical supervision over those judiciary and executive officers from Nepal.

 Nepotism appointment was a custom in Nepal for administrating Garhwal. The higher officers used to appoint his sons, son in law or other relatives and Nepal court was encouraging such custom. That custom was helping Nepal court for having homogenous system for tight Administration and faithful administration towards Nepal court.  

                         Civil and Army Officers

  There was no differentiating rule for looking after civil administration and army administration. Mostly, the Gurkha /Gorkha administrator has to be a fighter as most of the time he had to be ready for fighting. There was no rule for looking after each and every department separately. Tax collection and suppressing the subject were main jobs for each officer. Nepal court did not use to communicate its officers for society oriented administration. There was internal revelry among administrators. They used to send true or false report against their rival. Overlapping ruling or administrative system was very common. Many times, an administrator used to levy tax or punishment and rival group or the administrator used to revert the decision. There were also not any specific instructions for administrators from Nepal court for dealing foreign agencies.

                  Garhwal as Exclusive Unit under Gurkha/Gorkha Rule

  Garhwal was exclusive unit for Gurkha/Gorkha administration. Kumaon was separate administrative unit.

There were following administrative divisions for Garhwal-

Shrinagar

Dhangu or Langur (South Garhwal)

Kainyur (Chanpur)

Doon and Tehri were under the above divisions.

Shrinagar was head quarter for Garhwal administration.

** History, Gurkha/Gorkha Administration in Garhwal...Remaining part, read in next chapter

*** History of Gorkha/Gurkha /Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) to be continued -69

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com21/3//2015

History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -589

(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

XX

                    Reference

Atkinson E.T., 1884, 1886 , Gazetteer of  Himalayan Districts …

Hamilton F.B. 1819, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal and the territories

Colnol Kirkpatrik 1811, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal

Dr S.P Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 5, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda

Bandana Rai, 2009 Gorkhas,: The Warrior Race

Krishna Rai Aryal, 1975, Monarchy in Making Nepal, Shanti Sadan, Giridhara, Nepal

I.R.Aryan and T.P. Dhungyal, 1975, A New History of Nepal , Voice of Nepal

L.K Pradhan, Thapa Politics:

Gorkhavansavali, Kashi, Bikram Samvat 2021 

Derek J. Waller, The Pundits: British Exploration of Tibet and Central Asia page 172-173

B D pande, Kumaon ka Itihas

Sharma , Nepal kin Aitihasik Rup Rekha

Chaudhari , Anglo  –Nepalese Relations

Pande, Vasudha , Compares Histriographical Traditions of Gorkha Rule in Nepal and Kumaon

Pradhan , Kumar, 1991, The Gorkha Conquests , Oxford University  Press

Minyan Govrdhan Singh , History of Himachal Pradesh

A.P Coleman, 1999, A Special Corps

Captain Thomas Smith, 1852,Narrative of aFive Years Residence at Nepaul Vol.1

Maula Ram/Mola Ram  , Ranbahadurchandrika and Garhrajvanshkavya

XXX

Nepal Itihas, Garhwal Itihas, Kumaon Itihas, Himachal Itihas; Gurkha/Gorkha ks kumson psr Adhikar Itihas , Gurkha/Gorkha Garhwal par Shasan Itihas;  Gurkha/Gorkha Rule in Kumaon, Garhwal Uttarakhand; History Gurkha/Gorkha  Rule in Himachal, Uttarakhand;कुमाऊं , उत्तराखंड काइतिहास ; गढ़वाल , उत्तराखंड का इतिहास ; डोटी , पूर्व उत्तराखंड का इतिहास;गोरखाओं /गुर्खाओं का कुमाऊं पर अधिकार इतिहास ; गोरखाओं /गुर्खाओं कागढ़वाल पर अधिकार इतिहास ; गोरखाओं /गुर्खाओं का हिमाचल पर अधिकारइतिहास ; गोरखाओं /गुर्खाओं का  इतिहास ; नेपाल इतिहास

Xx

History Discussion on Gurkha/Gorkha Administration in Garhwal; History Discussion on Gurkha/Gorkha Administration in Pauri Garhwal; History Discussion on Gurkha/Gorkha Administration in Chamoli Garhwal; History Discussion on Gurkha/Gorkha Administration in Rudraprayag Garhwal; History Discussion on Gurkha/Gorkha Administration in Tehri Garhwal; History Discussion on Gurkha/Gorkha Administration in Uttarkashi Garhwal; History Discussion on Gurkha/Gorkha Administration in Dehradun Garhwal; 

History:  Gurkha/Gorkha Army Administration in Old Pauri Garhwal , History:  Gurkha/Gorkha Army Administration in Old Tehri Garhwal,     History:  Gurkha/Gorkha Army Administration in Dehradun, Garhwal; History: Judiciary and Executive Gurkha/ Gorkha Administrative Officers in Garhwal; History: Judiciary and Executive Gurkha/ Gorkha Administrative Officers in Old Pauri Garhwal; History: Judiciary and Executive Gurkha/ Gorkha Administrative Officers in Tehri Garhwal; History: Judiciary and Executive Gurkha/ Gorkha Administrative Officers in Dehradun Garhwal; History: Judiciary and Executive Gurkha/ Gorkha Administrative Officers in Kumaon