Kumaon and Garhwal (Uttarakhand) during the Time of Buddha and afterwards Buddhism
History of Kumaon, Garhwal (Uttarakhand) - Part 35
Historical Aspects of Ancient communities of Kumaon-Garhwal (Uttarakhand), Himalayas-32
Kumaon and Garhwal (Uttarakhand) during the Time of Buddha and afterwards Buddhism part -1
(All the History write ups are dedicated to great Historians Hari Krishna Raturi, Badri Datt Pandey and Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral)
Buddha was born as a Sanatani/Vedic 9Hindu) prince in Kapilvastu (Nepal) in 563 B.C. Buddha was married and has son Rahul. Buddha left home at the age of twenty nine in search of the real truth. Buddha provided the revolutionary philosophy to India. Buddha got awareness at Bodhgaya. Buddha preached many parts of North India. Buddha left the body in 483B.C.
Buddha never created any religion or sect but long after his ‘nrivan’ created Buddhism.
Dr Dabral and dr Saklani informed with references of old Buddhist literature that Buddha visited Uttarakhand at Ushigiri, Kankhal (Haridwar). Buddhist literature Divyavadan stated that Buddha also visited Shatrughna Nagar of ancient Uttarakhand.
There was spread of Buddhism in plains of Uttarakhand (Bhawar). It seems that the rulers of Uttarakhand provided support to Buddhism. The Ashrams near Gangadwar (Haridwar) were now Buddhist math around 300 B.C. The Buddhist preachers of Uttarakhand solved many disputes among Buddhist preachers in Maghada or elsewhere. The inhabitants of Gangadwar, Morgiri, helped humanly and monetarily in construction of Bharhutstup. Many Uttarakhandi kings carved Buddha in their coins and helped constructing Buddhist Stupa in Mathura.
Kedarkhand (40/28-29)states a hill of Uttarakhand as Budhachal. There was definitely effect of Buddhism in Uttarakhand from 500 B.C to 600 B.C. especially plains of Uttarakhand (Saharanpur and Bijnor too).
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 7/05/2013
(The write up is aimed for general readers)
History of Garhwal – Kumaon (Uttarakhand) to be continued… Part -36
Ancient communities of Kumaon-Garhwal (Uttarakhand), Himalayas- to be continued…33
Kumaon and Garhwal (Uttarakhand) during the Time of Buddha and afterwards Buddhism to be continued…part -2
References and Further Reading Suggestions:
Ajaya Rawat, History of Garhwal
Alexander Cunningham, 1996, Coins of Ancient India: From Earliest times down to the Seventh century
Badri Datt Pandey, 1937, Kumaun ka Itihas, (second edition.) Shyam Prakashan, Almora (page 155-179)
B.P. Kamboj, 2003, Early Wall painting of Garhwal
C.M Agarwal history of Kumaon
Dabral, Shiv Prasad, 1968, Uttarakhand ka Itihas Bhag-2, (pages117 to321), Veer Gath Press, Dogadda, India
Dabral, Shiv Prasad, 1992, Kulinda Janpada
Dinesh Prasad Saklani, 1998, Ancient Communities of the Himalayas
D.D Sharma, 2009, Cultural History of Uttarakhand
D.P Agarwal, Jeewan Singh Kharakwal, 1995, Cist Burials of the Kumaun Himalayas
D.P Agarwal, J Kharakwal, 1995, Kumaon Archeology and Tradition, Almora Book, Almora
Hari Krishna Raturi, 1921, Garhwal ka Itihas
Imana Simha Cemjonga, 2003, History and Culture of Kirat People
Jagdish Bahadur , 2003 Indian Himalayas
J.C. Agarwal, S.P.Agarwal, S.S. Gupta, 1995, Uttarakhand: Past, Present and Future
John Whelpton, 2005, History of Nepal (page 22 , Khasa)
Khadak Singh Valdiya , 2001, Himalaya: Emergence and Evolution , Uni Press, Hyderabad, India
Khemanand Chandola, 1987 Across the Himalaya through Ages: a study of relations between Central Himalayas and Westren Tibet
K.P.Nautiyal, B.M. Khanduri, 1997, Him Kanti (page 85 for Khasa)
Kanti Prasad Nautiyal, 1969, The Archeology of Kumaon including Dehradun
K.P Nautiyal, B.M. Khanduri, 1991, Emergence of Early culture in Garhwal, Central Himalaya
Lalan Ji Gopal and Vinod Chandra Shrivastava , History of Agriculture in India (up to 1200AD(article of Dr K.P Nautiyal et all – Agriculture in Garhwal Himalayas o to 1200AD, page 162)
Maheshwar Prasad Joshi, 1990, Uttaranchal (Kumaon-Garhwal) : An Essay in Historical Anthropology, Shri Almora Book, Almora
Mathpal, Yashodhar, 1998, Kumaon Painting: A Story of Living Tradition of Painting in Kumaon
Minyan G. Singh, 199, Wooden temples in Himachal
M.C.Joshi, 1978, the Khasas in the History of Uttarakhand, Swasti Sri, edited by K.V.Ravi , p.10),ND
M.S. S Rawat (editor), Himalaya: a Regional Perspective
Mamta Chaudhari, 1977 Tribes of Ancient India
Narendra Singh Bisht and T. S Bankoti, 2004, Encyclopedic Ethnography of the Himalayan Tribes (Page for Khasa – 736)
Dr. Naval Viyogi, Professor M A Ansari, 2010 History of the Later Harappans and Shilpkara Movement (two volumes) Kalpaz Publication, Delhi, India
O.C. Handa, 2003, History of Uttaranchal (Page 22 for Khashas)
O.C. Handa, 2009, Art and Architecture of Uttarakhand
O.P Kandari and O.P Gusain, 2001, Garhwal Himalaya (Pages for Khasa- 309/360)
Parmannad Gupta, 1989, Geography from Ancient Indian Coins and Seals
Prem Hari Har Lal, 1993, The Doon valley Down the Ages, Dehradun, India
R.C. Bhatt, K.P. Nautiyal, 1987-88Trans Himalayan Burials, visa vis Malari, an Assessment, JOSHARD, Vol11-12 (pp 95-101)
R.C. Naithani, 1999, Radiant Himalayas,
Ram Naresh Pandey (A.S.I), Ancient and Medieval History of Western Nepal
S S.S. Negi, Back and beyond, Garhwal Himalaya: Nature, Culture and Society
S.S.S. Negi, Himalayan Rivers, lakes and Glaciers
Sukhdev Singh Charak, 1979, History and Culture of Himalayan states
Savita Saxena, 1995, The geographical Surveys of Puranas
Surendra Singh, 1995, Urbanization in Garhwal Himalaya: a geographical Interpretation
Upinder Singh, 2008, History of Earlier and Medieval India.
Vishwa Chandra Ohri, 1980, Himachal Art and Archeology, State Museum, Shimla , Pages 3,5 and 65)
H. Sarkar, A.Banerji 2006, Hari Smriti , Chapter ‘ The Kunindas and their Archeology in Garhwal Himalaya (pages-391-398).
New cultural Dimension in the Central Himalayas, region of Uttarakhand, an Archeological assessment:
Carleton Stevens Coon, 1962, The Origin of Race
C.S. Coon, The Races of Europe
History of Buddhism in ancient Uttarakhand; History of Buddhism in ancient Rishikesh, Uttarakhand; History of Buddhism in ancient Haridwar, Uttarakhand; History of Buddhism in ancient Kankhal, Uttarakhand; History of Buddhism in ancient Bhabhar/Bhawar, Uttarakhand; History of Buddhism in ancient Mordhwaj, Uttarakhand; History of Buddhism in ancient Bijnor, Uttarakhand; History of Buddhism in ancient Jaunsar Bawar , Uttarakhand; History of Buddhism in ancient Lakhamandal, Uttarakhand; to be continued
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