British Administration in Garhwal -193
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History of British Rule/Administration over Kumaun and Garhwal (1815-1947) -213
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History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -1046
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There were many names of Devi as Nanda, Uma, Devi, Balkunvari, Jhalimali,Kunja etc.
There was Uma temple in Karnaprayag established by Adi Shankaracharya.
Nanda Devi was one of the major Devi in British Garhwal barring Salan. Barring Salan, evy family worshipped Nanda Devi. There were ample numbers of Nand Devi temples in north British Garhwal.
The Nanda Devi temples at Karurgram (Malla Dashauli), Nanora and Hindola (Talla Dasholi) were believed the most blessing and effective temples.
The river Nandakini, Nandak patti and hill tops as Nandadevi, Nandaghunghati, Trishul had relations with Nanda Goddess
Parvati people or people of Chandpur , Lobha and Nagpur worshipped Nanda Devi as Ishtdevi.
Other famous Nanda Devi temples were in Semali, Ming, Talla Dhura , Nauti and Gair villages. People celebrated Shiva Parvati marriage on Nandashtami in those temples.
Nanda Jat Yatra
Dr Dabral wrote that people used to celebrate of above regions ‘Uma-Shiva’ marriage on Nanda Ashtami day.
People used to gather at Nauti village and they put Devi on Palki and used to start a tour (jath). From nauti, devotees used to reach to Vedini kund at the bottom of Trishul hill shrine. Devotees used to perform rituals enthusiastically. There is great celebration on every twelfth year. Latu deity from Nauliganv of Dashauli Patti also used to move with Nada Devi in Jat. It is believed that a four horn he sheep would take birth in Chandpur region and That Chausingya Khadu was also taken with Jat. There is kept the dowry of gems for Nanda on back of Chausingya Khadu. Then sheep was left to walk over hill Trishul. Atkinson wrote that there used to be head crack of sheep and its flesh used to go here and there. People used to pick the flesh. People used to offer milk to Nanda and used to come back. There is still totally ban on cooking, grass cutting , dancing, wood cutting and singing /whistling etc. Belief is that if those acts were done, there will be snow storm.
Lower caste had Urpani Devi ‘Than’ as goddess in Nauti and nearby villages. Those ‘Than’ were of piles of stone son hill top of villages.
Major Temple of Kali goddess was in Kalimath.
Uma or Gauri temples were in Devalgarh, Tapovan, and Gauriganv of Maikhanda region. People sacrificed animals in those temples.
Durga Temples were in Fegu village of Kalifat, Devuttha village of Nagpur, Bhavngaon of Talla Udaypur.
Maharshimardani temples were in Triguni-Jakh, Shrinagar, and Devalgarh.
There were Devi temples in Kathur (Dhangu), Daoli (Dabralsyun), Banchuri (Udyapur), Bhuvaneshwari Peeth in Udyapur, Sukhvasani Than in Udaypur Patti, Bhadrakali than near Bhuvaneshwari (Udyapur), Chamunda Devi temple in Udaypur patti. ( refer -Folk stories by Bhishma Kukreti)
The Devi temple of Barsuri has a folk tory amoung Kukretis. Originally, there was devi temple in jaspur (malla Dhangu). One Kukreti family migrated to Barsuri (Langur, near Dwarikhal). One Night, Barsuri Kukreti took idols and images of Jaspur Devi temple and established Devi Than in Barsuri. From that dy, jaspur people did not build any Devi temple in Jaspur region. This author assumes that the Devi of Jaspur would be Kunja Devi as there is a hilly area in Jaspur called Kunja Kholi.
From British period or before, there hasd been a Devi temple in Dyusi (Maniyarsyun).
There is Deepa Temple in Ghansyali hill Khatli patti. There were /are Devi temples in Tilkani hill top of Savali and Gavani village of Kingadigad and Khadwal village of Chaundkot region.
Jwalpadevi temple is in Jwalpasera of Kafolsyun.
There were many temples of Kalidevi.
There were Chamunda or Chandika Temples in Biravganv (Kalifat), Dungargaon (Bichhla Nagpur),
There were 9 Chamunda temples in Garhwal.
There was Shitaladevi temples in Shrinagar.
Hariyali temple was in Jasoli of Dhanpur Patti.
There were Matri Temples too as in Badrinath.
There was exclusive Lakshmi temple in Badrinath. There was Navdurga temple in Joshimath.
there were Bhagwati temples in Garhwal as in Joshimath, Sirguru and Bhagotliya (Dhoundiyalsyun).
Bhuvneshwari peeth in Sanguda is old temple.
Jhalimali devi the kuldevi of Khuksal caste is in Kingorikhal of Aswalsyun. There is another temple of Jhalimali at Jhalimath near Gauchar.
In Sumari (Katalsyun), there is Gauradevi temple and Nagarasani Temple.
Dhari devi temple is in Kaliyasaur near Shrinagar.
Bunkhal Kalika Devi Temple is Bunkhal Thalisain.
There is Bhumyal Devi temple in Gadri of pokhra block of Pauri Garhwal.
There is mahakali temple in nainidanda region at Chair –Chaubara.
Dhar ki Devi Than and Kalinga Mai Temple is in Bharki village of Chamoli.
There were/are Manani devi temple, Shakambari Devi temple, Naridevi, Lalita Devi, Mathiyna and Rakeshwari temples in Rudraprayag district.
References
1-Shiv Prasad Dabral ‘Charan’, Uttarakhand ka Itihas, Part -7 Garhwal par British -Shasan, part -1, page- 343-456
2- Atkinson, Himalayan Districts Vol.2
3- Hema Uniyal, Kedarkhand
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Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India,bjkukreti@gmail.com 2/
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*** History of British Rule/Administration over British Garhwal (Pauri, Rudraprayag, and Chamoli1815-1947) to be continued in next chapter
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(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
History of British Garhwal, History of Devalgarh Garhwal; History of Badhan Garhwal; History of Barasyun Garhwal; History of Chandpur Garhwal; History of Chaundkot Garhwal; History of Gangasalan Garhwal; History of Mallasalan Garhwal; History ofTallasaln Garhwal; History of Dashauli Garhwal; History of Nagpur Garhwal; Sociity in British Garhwal. History of British Garhwal, History of Social Structure and Religious Faith in Chamoli Garhwal, History of Social Structure and Religious Faith of Pauri Garhwal , Social and Culture History of Rudraprayag Garhwal
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