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Tuesday, May 5, 2015

Human Trafficking and Cattle Trades in Garhwal, Kumaon in Gurkha/Gorkha period

Gurkha/Gorkha Ignoring Commerce Development in Garhwal and Kumaon -3

History Discussion on Gurkha/Gorkha Administration in Garhwal - 46
History of Gorkha /Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) -109    
   History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -630
                          By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Student)

                                  Human Trafficking in Gurkha Period
 Human trafficking was common trade in Gurkha period. Gurkha administrators were cruel and used to sell the financial criminals in Haridwar and Dehradun. Fasure reported that Gurkha sold two lakhs unfortunate Garhwalis as slaves in Haridwar, Dehradun, Tibet (Dabral) and Ruhelkhand.

               Cattle Trade and Cattle Produces in Gurkha/Gorkha Period
  Garhwalis used to sell cattle as sheep, Goats, caws, bulls, and buffalos, horses in plains of Ruhelkhnad, Haridwar and Saharanpur. Haridwar was big market for domestic animals of Garhwal. The animals from Garhwal were valuable for transportation, milk production and meat. Forest animals of Garhwal were also sold in Mandis of Nazibabad, Haridwar.
 People used to catch Elephant kind and used to sell in Nazibabad or Haridwar for approximately for rupees two hundred. Upper Garhwal was famous for selling Baj.
  Honey business was also a cash generating business. People used to have honey bee hive in their own houses and also collected honey from jungles. Honey of Garhwal was famous from Asoka time and has premiums.

*** This chapter References –
Moorcroft, Travels in Hindustan Atkinson
 Trail, Sketches of Kumaon 
John Premble, Invasion of Nepal: John Company at war
English Pre Mutiny Records, Kumaon 1816
Garhwal Settlement Reports
** Most of references and details were taken from Dr Dabral

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com5/5//2015
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -631
*** History of Gorkha/Gurkha /Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) to be continued in next chapter 

(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
XX
                    Reference

Atkinson E.T., 1884, 1886 , Gazetteer of  Himalayan Districts …
Hamilton F.B. 1819, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal and the territories
Colnol Kirkpatrik 1811, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal
Dr S.P Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 5, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda
Bandana Rai, 2009 Gorkhas,: The Warrior Race
Krishna Rai Aryal, 1975, Monarchy in Making Nepal, Shanti Sadan, Giridhara, Nepal
I.R.Aryan and T.P. Dhungyal, 1975, A New History of Nepal , Voice of Nepal
L.K Pradhan, Thapa Politics:
Gorkhavansavali, Kashi, Bikram Samvat 2021 
Derek J. Waller, The Pundits: British Exploration of Tibet and Central Asia page 172-173
B. D. Pande, Kumaon ka Itihas
Sharma , Nepal ko Aitihasik Rup Rekha
Chaudhari , Anglo  –Nepalese Relations
Pande, Vasudha , Compares Histriographical Traditions of Gorkha Rule in Nepal and Kumaon
Pradhan , Kumar, 1991, The Gorkha Conquests , Oxford University  Press
Minyan Govrdhan Singh , History of Himachal Pradesh
A.P Coleman, 1999, A Special Corps
Captain Thomas Smith, 1852,Narrative of a Five Years Residence at Nepal Vol.1
Maula Ram/Mola Ram  , Ranbahadurchandrika and Garhrajvanshkavya
J B Fraser , Asiatic Research
Shyam Ganguli, Doon Rediscovered
Minyan Prem Singh, Guldast Tabarikh Koh Tihri Garhwal
Patiram Garhwal , Ancient and Modern
Tara Datt Gairola, Parvtiy Sanskriti

XXX
History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Garhwal, Kumaon, Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Pauri Garhwal, Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Sirmour Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Chamoli Garhwal, Nainital Kumaon, Kangara Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Rudraprayag Garhwal, Almora Kumaon, Baghat Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Tehri Garhwal, Champawat Kumaon, Punar Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Uttarkashi Garhwal, Bageshwar Kumaon, Nahan Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Dehradun Garhwal, Pithoragarh Kumaon, History Himachal; 
Nepal Itihas, Garhwal Itihas, Kumaon Itihas, Himachal Itihas; Gurkha/Gorkha ka Kumaon par  Adhikar Itihas , Gurkha/Gorkha Garhwal par Shasan Itihas;  Gurkha/Gorkha Rule in Kumaon, Garhwal Uttarakhand; History Gurkha/Gorkha  Rule in Himachal,
Xx
History Human Trafficking in Dehradun Garhwal in Gurkha Period; History Human Trafficking in Haridwar Garhwal in Gurkha Period; History Human Trafficking in Pauri Garhwal in Gurkha Period; History Human Trafficking in Chamoli Garhwal in Gurkha Period; History Human Trafficking in Rudraprayag Garhwal in Gurkha Period; History Human Trafficking in Tehri Garhwal in Gurkha Period; History Human Trafficking in Uttarkashi Garhwal in Gurkha Period;

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