Human Trafficking and Cattle Trades in Garhwal, Kumaon in Gurkha/Gorkha period

Gurkha/Gorkha Ignoring Commerce Development in Garhwal and Kumaon -3

History Discussion on Gurkha/Gorkha Administration in Garhwal - 46

History of Gorkha /Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) -109    

   History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -630

                          By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Student)

                                  Human Trafficking in Gurkha Period

 Human trafficking was common trade in Gurkha period. Gurkha administrators were cruel and used to sell the financial criminals in Haridwar and Dehradun. Fasure reported that Gurkha sold two lakhs unfortunate Garhwalis as slaves in Haridwar, Dehradun, Tibet (Dabral) and Ruhelkhand.

               Cattle Trade and Cattle Produces in Gurkha/Gorkha Period

  Garhwalis used to sell cattle as sheep, Goats, caws, bulls, and buffalos, horses in plains of Ruhelkhnad, Haridwar and Saharanpur. Haridwar was big market for domestic animals of Garhwal. The animals from Garhwal were valuable for transportation, milk production and meat. Forest animals of Garhwal were also sold in Mandis of Nazibabad, Haridwar.

 People used to catch Elephant kind and used to sell in Nazibabad or Haridwar for approximately for rupees two hundred. Upper Garhwal was famous for selling Baj.

  Honey business was also a cash generating business. People used to have honey bee hive in their own houses and also collected honey from jungles. Honey of Garhwal was famous from Asoka time and has premiums.

*** This chapter References –

Moorcroft, Travels in Hindustan Atkinson

 Trail, Sketches of Kumaon 

John Premble, Invasion of Nepal: John Company at war

English Pre Mutiny Records, Kumaon 1816

Garhwal Settlement Reports

** Most of references and details were taken from Dr Dabral

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com5/5//2015

History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -631

*** History of Gorkha/Gurkha /Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) to be continued in next chapter 

(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

XX

                    Reference

Atkinson E.T., 1884, 1886 , Gazetteer of  Himalayan Districts …

Hamilton F.B. 1819, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal and the territories

Colnol Kirkpatrik 1811, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal

Dr S.P Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 5, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda

Bandana Rai, 2009 Gorkhas,: The Warrior Race

Krishna Rai Aryal, 1975, Monarchy in Making Nepal, Shanti Sadan, Giridhara, Nepal

I.R.Aryan and T.P. Dhungyal, 1975, A New History of Nepal , Voice of Nepal

L.K Pradhan, Thapa Politics:

Gorkhavansavali, Kashi, Bikram Samvat 2021 

Derek J. Waller, The Pundits: British Exploration of Tibet and Central Asia page 172-173

B. D. Pande, Kumaon ka Itihas

Sharma , Nepal ko Aitihasik Rup Rekha

Chaudhari , Anglo  –Nepalese Relations

Pande, Vasudha , Compares Histriographical Traditions of Gorkha Rule in Nepal and Kumaon

Pradhan , Kumar, 1991, The Gorkha Conquests , Oxford University  Press

Minyan Govrdhan Singh , History of Himachal Pradesh

A.P Coleman, 1999, A Special Corps

Captain Thomas Smith, 1852,Narrative of a Five Years Residence at Nepal Vol.1

Maula Ram/Mola Ram  , Ranbahadurchandrika and Garhrajvanshkavya

J B Fraser , Asiatic Research

Shyam Ganguli, Doon Rediscovered

Minyan Prem Singh, Guldast Tabarikh Koh Tihri Garhwal

Patiram Garhwal , Ancient and Modern

Tara Datt Gairola, Parvtiy Sanskriti

XXX

History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Garhwal, Kumaon, Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Pauri Garhwal, Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Sirmour Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Chamoli Garhwal, Nainital Kumaon, Kangara Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Rudraprayag Garhwal, Almora Kumaon, Baghat Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Tehri Garhwal, Champawat Kumaon, Punar Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Uttarkashi Garhwal, Bageshwar Kumaon, Nahan Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Dehradun Garhwal, Pithoragarh Kumaon, History Himachal; 

Nepal Itihas, Garhwal Itihas, Kumaon Itihas, Himachal Itihas; Gurkha/Gorkha ka Kumaon par  Adhikar Itihas , Gurkha/Gorkha Garhwal par Shasan Itihas;  Gurkha/Gorkha Rule in Kumaon, Garhwal Uttarakhand; History Gurkha/Gorkha  Rule in Himachal,

Xx

History Human Trafficking in Dehradun Garhwal in Gurkha Period; History Human Trafficking in Haridwar Garhwal in Gurkha Period; History Human Trafficking in Pauri Garhwal in Gurkha Period; History Human Trafficking in Chamoli Garhwal in Gurkha Period; History Human Trafficking in Rudraprayag Garhwal in Gurkha Period; History Human Trafficking in Tehri Garhwal in Gurkha Period; History Human Trafficking in Uttarkashi Garhwal in Gurkha Period;