Comparative Studies of ‘Utlu Putlu ‘a Garhwali Lullaby and African lullabies, Asian Lullabies, American Lullabies, European Lullabies and pacific Lullabies
Bhishma Kukreti
This व्रिते उप is aimed to find out the universalities and specific characters of regional lullabies in context with a Garhwali (Indian) lullaby.
The Garhwali (Indian) lullaby is as
उतलु पुतलु
(गढ़वाली लोरी )
उतलु पुतलु , भलु गिचलू
चुप ह्व़े जालू म्यार थुपलु
आ बिरळी आ बिरळी
म्यार थुपलु की गिची काट
चुप ह्व़े जादी , कुतु पुतलु
भलु च म्यार छ्वटु बुबुलू
आ रे मुसा आ रे मुसा
म्यरा चुन्च्लू की खुट्टी काट
आ रे कवा आ रे कवा
म्यारा कुतुलू कू चुप्पा छांट
चुचुलू मुतुलू कूँता कुंतुलू
चुप ह्व़े जालू म्यरा बछरू
Utlu, putlu, bhalu gichlu
Chup hwe jalu myaro thuplu
Aa birali , a birali
Myra thuplu k gich chaat
Bhalu ch myar , chhwatu babulu
Aa re musa aa re musaa
Myar chunchulu k khut kat
Aa re kauva aa re kauva
Myar kutlu k chuppa chant
Chuchlu mutlu koonta kuntalu
Chup hwe jalo myar बछरू
Translation
Utlu, Putlu, kind Gichlu
Will be calm, my Thuplu
Come on cat, Come on cat
To lick mouth of my Chunchulu
Rat! Come on, come on rat
To bite foot of my Chunchulu
Come on crow come on crow
To fasten hair of my Kuntalu
Utlu, Putlu, kind Gichlu
Will be calm, my Thuplu
The lullaby has many proper nouns of no meanings. The lullaby has many words and vowels which are repeated many times. The main aim of various no-meaningful words is to make the poem lyrical and for soothing effects. The pets and common bird crow are used as objects for making poem simple and understandable. The poem is very figurative.
Same way, there are many lullabies for making child go to sleep or calming down a crying child in various languages and regions:
The following lullaby is five hundred old lullaby and have been passed by old generation to new ones.
Lavender’s blue dilly dilly
Lavender’s green
When I am king, dilly dilly
You shall be queen……
In the above English Lullaby, there is mention of king and queen ( Lshal be king, you shall be queen, you shall be king , I shall be queen), plough, work . the lullaby could be compared with ‘Utlu Putlu’ Garhwali lullaby and the Garhwali lullaby related to agriculture based lullaby too.
Oh fear not the bugle
Tho’ loudly it blows
It calls the warders
That guards my repose;…..
Ho –ro –ro-ri-
Sleep until down ….
As in Scottish (by W Scott) lullaby, in Garhwali lullaby, there is apportion of fear and there are hidden indications of eradication of fear in lullabies of Scotland and Garhwali (Indian)
Nani nani my child
Come sleep make it sleep
Come sleep from the vineyard…
Take it to the sheepcote
To sleep like a little lamb…..
And to wake up like a little goat
In this Greek lullaby, there is mention of lovable animal kids and in the above Garhwali lullaby; there is mention of pets and birds.
Czech Lullaby (translated)
The following Czech lullaby is a historical lullaby in the world. The record shows that the lullaby published in ‘The Informatorium of the School of Infancy by J A Comenius in 1633. The book is the witness that lullabies were used as medium of teaching the students. The readers may find the similes between the child with birds or animals in this Czech lullaby and Garhwali lullaby ‘Utalu Putlu’ . In Garhwali lullaby ‘Utlu Putlu’ the caretakers say my Bachhru’ (calf0 for child and in Czech lullaby, child is compared with ‘Holoube’ dove
Sleep my little rosebud
Sleep little dove
Sleep for a good while
An hour , three, four
Baby…….
Turkish lullaby (Translated)
Dan-dini Dan dini Dastana
Into garden the calves did stray
Gardner quickly chase them away
They will eat the cabbage without delay
Huuu, huh u Huuu…
The present Turkish poem has a similarity with Garhwali lullaby or other form of poems that the first stanza does not have any meaning and even many words are not having meaning but to make poem lyrical the first stanza is created. This type of poem’s style is called Bajuband poetry style in Garhwali.
The shepherd cries when it snows
He does not cry when he eats the Ricoota
The shepherd cries when it rains
He does not cry when eats the Caciole …
The above Italian lullaby is quite old poem and very popular one. In this Italian Lullaby, the images of geographical conditions and eatable food are described. The poem is definitely aimed for a grown child and is also a teaching poem too.
Western and Central Romanian Lullaby
Go to asleep my tiny baby
Try to sleep and get a sleep ,,,,,
Abua-bua –bua
Abua your mother will gently kiss you
Don’t b afraid of dragon in the forest
Your mother is forever protecting you
The said long poetry is quite old lullaby of Bihor, Cluj, Nasaud regions of Romania. The dragon is also mentioned there and is lullaby related to fear eradicating lullaby too.
It is universal fact that the lullaby creates a fear and at the same time, there is subject of eradication of fear too.
Exotic animals in Modern Danish Lullaby
A Danish poet Herald H Lund wrote a lullaby in 1948 using exotic animals in the lullaby. The poem became so popular that people presume that the poem is a folk Lullaby of Danish. The lullabies are not only used just for child care but child caregivers also enjoy the raptures of lullaby as is found in the following modern Danish lullaby :
Now the stars ignite in the sky
The half moon raises its sable …
Sleep tight , little Jumbo, rock abye….
And the monkeys sing make themselves to sleep…
A zebra puts on his pajama…
A flying squirrel with fluffy legs….
Listen the tiger roars its evening songs…
There is similarity in this Danish lullaby and Garhwali lullaby that in both the lullaby there are descriptions of animals, though with different proposes.
Folk Lullaby of Northeastern China (Translated)
The following folk lullaby is related to images of nature
The moon is bright, the wind is quite
The tree leaves hang over the window
My little baby, go to sleep quickly
Sleep, dreaming sweet dream……
In Garhwali (Indian) , there are folk Lullabies of this type where sleep is asked to come for baby.
Baby Bay rock bye
On the edge you must not lie
Or the little grey wolf will come
And will nip you on the tum
Tug you off in the wood
Underneath the willow root
The animal is very important aspect of lullaby all over the globe and following Garswani lullaby is the proof:
Summertime, and the living is easy
Fish are jumping and cotton are high ……
A learned African Folk Literature scholar F.E.M.K Senkoro states that many Easter African lullabies serve two purposes. The first is to make a child sleep or stopping a child cry. The second propose of lullabies in African regions is expression of the society for adults too. The purpose for adult is not amusement but to tell something related to society as
Do not cry, for when you cry you make me cry
As you remind me of the bitterness and loneliness
Caused by my father and mother
Who have married me off an old man
A docile, inactive and useless man
All it knows about is gluttony
And when it goes to bed
All it does a is snore like a crow…
Senkoro provides more than nine examples of eastern African lullabies wherein there is women protesting against wrong doings on them from the society.
Tessa Dudar collected and edited a large volume of lullabies of pacific region.
The following lullaby was originally from England but in New Zealanders added and altered the original lullaby:
The altered version of New Zealand lullaby is as
Hot Cross buns! Hot cross buns
One a penny, two a penny
Hot Cross buns! Hot cross buns
If you have no daughters
Give them to your sons
One a penny, two a penny
Hot Cross buns! Hot cross buns
The study shows that there are universal points in lullabies of each regions and at the same time there are unique features in each regional lullaby too.
Copyright for commentary @Bhishma Kukreti bckukreti@gmail.com
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