History British Campaign for Capturing Kumaon -7
Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) -220
History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -748
British High Command ordered Lieutenant Colonel Gardner for appointing Temporary Army on the ‘Gol’ System of Indian system. In each ‘Gol’, there would be 300 soldiers. Indian Kings used to organize army on ‘Gol’ base. The army commander of ‘Gol’ was called ‘Goldar’. It was custom that the soldiers would bring his weapons, clothing, horse etc. Goldar used to arrange weapons etc if a soldier did not have weapons. Gun powder and food was supplied from ‘Goldar’.
Gardner organized ‘Gol’ army as under –
Position ------------------Numbers-----
Sardar/Goldar-----------------
Jamadar-----------------------
Nishanchi---------------------
Imtiyagi----------------------
Dafla Jamadar-----------------1-----
Dafla-------------------------
Algoza------------------------
Ungil-------------------------
Hakim (Jarahi) -------------------1----------
Bhisti------------------------
Sipahi (soldier) -------------------240--------
Grand Total-------------------------
(Saxsena- Histoy Papers of Kumaon)
One or two Iron smiths were also appointed for repairing various weapons.
Around Rohilkhand, freelancer Rohila soldiers were available for temporary army. Rohilas were not devotee as Hindu soldiers. Freelancer Rohila soldiers used to leave a Kingdom after getting more salary from enemy Kingdom. They were having old types of weapons and were not capable fighting in Hills of Kumaon.
By January 1815, Gardner appointed 1600 Rohila soldiers. Rohila soldiers appointed by Gurkha commander Bamshah were unaware of Kumaon declaration by British. As soon as they came to know British declaration for Kumaon, Rohila soldiers under Bamshah became upset. 250 Rohila soldiers left Gurkha army and joined British army.
(From writings of Bengal- Past and Present January, Atkinson, Sanwal, Saxsena, Fraser etc)
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 6/3/2016
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -749
*** History of Gorkha/Gurkha /Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) to be continued in next chapter
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
XX Reference
Atkinson E.T., 1884, 1886, Gazetteer of Himalayan Districts …
Hamilton F.B. 1819, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal and the territories
Colnol Kirkpatrik 1811, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal
Dr S.P Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 5, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda
Bandana Rai, 2009 Gorkhas,: The Warrior Race
Krishna Rai Aryal, 1975, Monarchy in Making Nepal, Shanti Sadan, Giridhara, Nepal
I.R.Aryan and T.P. Dhungyal, 1975, A New History of Nepal , Voice of Nepal
L.K Pradhan, Thapa Politics:
Gorkhavansavali, Kashi, Bikram Samvat 2021
Derek J. Waller, The Pundits: British Exploration of Tibet and Central Asia page 172-173
B. D. Pande, Kumaon ka Itihas
Balchandra Sharma, Nepal ko Aitihasik Rup Rekha
Chaudhari , Anglo –Nepalese Relations
Pande, Vasudha , Compares Histriographical Traditions of Gorkha Rule in Nepal and Kumaon
Pradhan , Kumar, 1991, The Gorkha Conquests , Oxford University Press
Minyan Govrdhan Singh , History of Himachal Pradesh
A.P Coleman, 1999, A Special Corps
Captain Thomas Smith, 1852,Narrative of a Five Years Residence at Nepal Vol.1
Maula Ram/Mola Ram , Ranbahadurchandrika and Garhrajvanshkavya
J B Fraser , Asiatic Research
Shyam Ganguli, Doon Rediscovered
Minyan Prem Singh, Guldast Tabarikh Koh Tihri Garhwal
Patiram Garhwal , Ancient and Modern
Tara Datt Gairola, Parvtiy Sanskriti
John Premble, Invasion of Nepal
Chitranjan Nepali, Bhimsen Thapa aur Tatkalin Nepal
Sanwal, Nepal and East India Company
Nagendra kr Singh, Refugee to Ruler
Saxena, Historical papers related to Kumaon
Paper Respecting Nepal War by East India Company (papers in Stock)
Basu, Rise of Christian Power in India)
Moti Lal Ghosh, an article in Amrit Bazar Patrika
XXX
History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Pauri Garhwal, Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; Sirmour Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Chamoli Garhwal, Nainital Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Kangara Himachal Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Rudraprayag Garhwal, Almora Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Baghat Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Tehri Garhwal, Champawat Kumaon, Uttarakhand Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; Punar Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Uttarkashi Garhwal, Bageshwar Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Nahan Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Dehradun Garhwal, Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History Himachal Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal;
Nepal Itihas, Garhwal Itihas, Kumaon Itihas, Himachal Itihas; Gurkha/Gorkha ka Kumaon par Adhikar Itihas , Gurkha/Gorkha Garhwal par Shasan Itihas Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; Gurkha/Gorkha Rule in Kumaon, Garhwal Uttarakhand; History Gurkha/Gorkha Rule in Himachal Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal
No comments:
Post a Comment
आपका बहुत बहुत धन्यवाद
Thanks for your comments