उत्तराखंडी ई-पत्रिका

Thursday, May 30, 2013

TEHRI GARHWAL HISTORY - 3

1815 - 1859 H.H. Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Sudarshan [Sukhdarshan] Shah Sahib Bahadur, Raja of Tehri Garhwal. b. 1790, son of H.H. Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Pradyuman Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal, educ. privately. Succeeded on the death of his father as Head of the Royal House of Garhwal (in exile), 14^th May 1804. Entered into a treaty with the HEIC in which they recognised him as the legitimate ruler of Garhwal, 23^rd December 1812. Served with the British forces during the Anglo-Nepalese War of 1814 at Dehra Dun, Nahan, Chamuagarh and Jauntgarh. Became Raja following the British defeat and expulsion of the Gurkhas from Garhwal, 21^st April 1815. He established a new capital at Tehri, from which the new state took its name of Tehri-Garhwal. Granted a sanad by the HEIC dated 4^th March 1820, which confirmed him in his possessions west of the Alaknanda River, and excluding Rawain and Dehra Dun. The rest of the former principality became the directly administered province of British Garhwal. Received a further sanad in which Rawain was ceded to him in exchange for Nagpur, 10^th December 1824. Assisted the British during the Indian Mutiny in 1857, providing state soldiers to guard the roads between Dehra Dun and Mussoorie, and affording protection to European families. A good administrator and Sanskrit scholar and pooet, author of "Sabhasar" in seven volumes. m. (first) before 1815, a Kshatriya girl, from a non-ruling family, who became a junior wife when he married royalty. m. (second) 1815, Maharani Khaneti Sahiba, a princess from Khanot. m. (third) Maharani Keonthaliji Sahiba, a princess from Keothal. m. (fourth) Hardwar, ca. 1828, Maharani Kangrajee Sahiba, daughter of Naresh Chhatrapati Maharaja Sri Sansar Chand II, Maharaja of Kangra, by his first wife, Suketi Maharani Pransani Devi Sahiba. m. (fifth) the elder daughter of Shri Raja Karan Prakash II Bahadur, Raja of Sirmur. He d. at the Purana Durbar Bhavan, Tehri, 7^thJune 1859 (when the state lapsed according to the terms of the sanad), having had issue, four sons, including:

1) Kunwar Bhawani Singh, who succeeded as H.H. Swasti Sri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Bhawani Shah Sahib Bahadur, Raja of Tehri Garhwal (s/o the first wife) - see below.
2) Shri Shri Shri Shri Shri Tikka Surjan Shah Sahib. b. at Tehri, ca. 1818 (s/o Maharani Khanoti), educ. privately. Appointed as Heir Apprent at birth, in preference to his elder brother. He d.v.p. young.
3) Kunwar Sher Singh (s/o a junior wife). Contested the succession with the support of Maharani Khaneti in 1859. A revolt in his favour was put down at Jaunpur in January 1860, and he was removed permanently to Dehra Dun.

1859 - 1871 H.H. Swasti Sri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Bhawani Shah Sahib Bahadur, Raja of Tehri Garhwal, son of H.H. Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Sukhdarshan Shah Sahib Bahadur, Raja of Tehri Garhwal, by a junior wife, educ. privately. Since his mother was not of Royal birth, he was superseded as Heir Apparent by his younger half-brother. Received a fresh sanad recognising his succession dated 6^th September 1859, in consideration of his father's services during the late mutiny. Granted a further sanad allowing for adoption in case of failure of natural heirs, in accordance with Hindu laws and the customs of his house, 11^th March 1862. He reformed the legal administration, instituting written records and judgements for the first time and setting up a system of three courts to deal with criminal, civil and revenue matters. A religious and philosophical man, he spent much of his time on meditation and visiting holy places. m. a daughter of Mian Udai Singh of Mandi. He d. at the Purana Durbar Bhavan, Tehri, December 1871, having had issue:

1) Shri Shri Shri Shri Shri Tikka Pratap Shah Sahib, who succeeded as H.H. Swasti Sri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Pratap Shah Sahib Bahadur, Raja of Tehri Garhwal - see below.
2) Rajkumar Shri Vikram Shah Sahib, educ. privately. Wazir and Principal Mbr Regency Council 1887-1888. He had issue, a son by an inferior marriage or by a concubine:
- a) Thakur Devi Singh Panwar.

1871 - 1887 H.H. Swasti Sri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Pratap Shah Sahib Bahadur, Raja of Tehri Garhwal. b. at the Purana Darbar Bhavan, Tehri, 1850, eldest son of H.H. Swasti Sri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Bhawani Shah Sahib Bahadur, Raja of Tehri Garhwal, educ. privately. Succeeded on the death of his father, December 1871. Founded a new capital at Pratap Nagar. He patronised music and enjoyed hunting, and took a great interest administration, reforming and modernising the forest, judicial and police departments. He also built several schools, including the first English language school in the state. Attended the Imperial Durbar at Delhi, where he received a personal salute of 11-guns 1^st January 1877 (made permanent 1878). Founded the town of Pratap Nagar in 1877. Rcvd: Prince of Wales (1876) and KIH (1877) gold medals. m. H.H. Maharani Gulariyaji Sahiba (d. at Tehri, 23^rd August 1926), Presdt Tehri-Garhwal Regency Council 1888-1892, daughter of Raja Jai Singh, Raja of Guler, in the Kangra district of the Punjab. He d. at the Purana Durbar Bhavan, Tehri, 6^th February 1887, having had issue, three sons and a daughter:

1) Shri Shri Shri Shri Shri Tikka Kirti Shah, who succeeded as H.H. Swasti Sri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Raja Sir Kirti Shah Sahib Bahadur, Raja of Tehri Garhwal - see below.
2) Rajkumar Shri Surendra Shah. Adopted by Raja Shamsher Singh of Bashahr as his son and heir, 1907. Expelled from that state for his complicity in the murder of a Forest Service Officer and declared incapable of succeeding to that throne. He had issue, a son:
- a) Kunwar Dev Indra Shah. He d. in a hunting accident, 1908.
3) Kunwar Vichitra Shah. Granted Uttarkash, Dhanolti, Chamba and Gansali in jagir 1893. Vice-Presdt Tehri State Council 1930-1931.Rcvd: Delhi Durbar silver medal (1911). He had issue, five sons (and one daughter) by an inferior marriage or by a concubine:
- a) Rao Sahib Virendra Singh. He d.s.p.
- b) Captain Rao Sahib Shoorbeer Singh, of Purana Durbar, Tehri, educ. (BA, LLB). Home Sec 1946, Private Sec to the Maharaja 1947, joined IAS after Independence. He had issue,
- c) Thakur Baldav Singh Panwar. He d.s.p.
- d) Thakur Youdh Beer Singh Panwar. He d.s.p.
- e) Thakur Shiv Singh Panwar. He d.s.p.
1) A daughter. m. Raja Baldev Singh, of Guler (b. 1883; d. 1959), son of Raja Raghunath Singh, of Guler, in the Kangra district of the Punjab. She had issue - see India Talukdars (Guler).

1887 - 1913 H.H. Swasti Sri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Raja Sir Kirti Shah Sahib Bahadur, Raja of Tehri Garhwal, KCSI (1.1.1903, CSI 31.12.1898). b. at the Darbar Bhavan, Tehri, 14^th January 1874, eldest son of H.H. Swasti Sri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Pratap Shah Sahib Bahadur, Raja of Tehri Garhwal, by his wife, H.H. Maharani Guleriyaji Sahiba, educ. at Bareilly and Mayo Coll., Ajmer. Became Heir Apparent with the title of Shri Shri Shri Shri Shri Tikka Sahib at birth. Succeeded on the death of his father, 6^th February 1887. Reigned under a Council of Regency, headed first by his uncle Vikram Shah 1887-1888, then by his mother the Guleri Rani 1888-1892. Came of age and invested with partial ruling powers, at the Naya Darbar Palace, Tehri, 16^th March 1892. Presdt. Tehri Garhwal State Cncl. 1892-1898. Invested with full ruling powers, 27^thMay 1898. MLC United Provinces 1909-1913. He took a very great interest in the administration and improved the welfare of his subjects, extending schools to the villages, opening a state high school, a madrassa for Muslims, and funding further education outside the state. He constructed water works and introduced electricity, improved the courts, forest and other state departments, began forest conservation and fire protection, founded a state agriculture bank to assist farmers, a leprosy asylum and several health centres. The state forces were converted to Sappers & Miners, providing road and other construction services to the state when not engaged in military duty. At a personal level, he interested himself in languages, becoming a scholar in Sanskrit, Hindi, Urdu, English, French and scripture. He also established a printing press and invented the first Hindi typewriter, but sold the copyright to a commercial firm. A keen amateur astrologer and astronomer, who founded his own observatory. Rcvd: Delhi Durbar gold medals (1903 & 1911). m. 1892, H.H. Maharani Shri Nepalia Rajya Lakshmi Devi Sahiba, KIH Gold Medal (1.1.1918) (d. at Tehri, 19^th October 1923), Regent for her husband 6^th February 1887 to 16^th March 1892, and for her grandson 16^th May 1913 to 4^th October 1919, eldest daughter of Commanding-General Sri Sri Sri Maharajkumar Padma Jung Rana Bahadur, of Nepal, by his first wife, a Kshatriya lady from Gorakpur. He d. at the Naya Durbar Palace, Tehri, 25^th April 1913, having had issue, one son and four daughters:

1) Shri Shri Shri Shri Shri Tikka Narendra Shah, who succeeded as H.H. Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Sir Narendra Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Tehri Garhwal - see below.
1) Rajkumari Shri Rukmini Deviji Sahiba [H.H. Maharani Shri Rukmini Devi Sahiba, Maharani of Ajaigarh]. m. 1907, H.H. Maharaja Sawai Shri Punya Pratap Singh Bahadur, Maharaja of Ajaigarh (b. August 1884; d. 21^st June 1958), son of H.H. Maharaja Sawai Shri Punya Bhopal Singh Bahadur, Maharaja of Ajaigarh, by his first wife, Sawai Maharajkumari Shri Beni Kunwarba Sahiba, daughter of Musahib Thakore Shri Ranjore Singh, of Chauka, in Chhakhari State. She had issue, two sons and three daughters - see India(Ajaigarh). Copyright©Christopher Buyers
2) Rajkumari Shri Bhuvaneshwari Deviji Sahiba [Yuvrani Bhuvaneshwari Deviji Sahiba, of Partabgarh]. m. 13^th October 1910, as his second wife, Maharajkumar Shri Man Singhji Sahib Bahadur, Yuvraj of Partabgarh (b. 13^th April 1886; d.v.p. 29^th October 1918), eldest son of H.H. Maharajadhiraj Maharawat Shri Sir Raghunath Singhji Bahadur, Maharawat of Partabgarh, KCIE, by his first, wife H.H. Pisangan Maharani Bapu Sahiba Ugam Kunwarji Sahiba, elder daughter of Raja Shri Pratap Singh, Thakur of Pisangan, in Ajmer. She d. at Partabgarh, 9^th August 1913, having had issue, one daughter - see India (Partabgarh).
3) Rajkumari Shri Tej Kunwar Deviji Sahiba [H.H. Maharani Shri Tej Kunwar Deviji Sahiba, Maharani of Idar]. m. at Fir Clump, Mussoorie, 11^th June 1913, as his second wife, Colonel H.H. Maharajadhiraja Maharaja Shri Himmatsinhji Daulatsinhji Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Idar (b. at Jodhpur, 2^nd September 1899; d. 24^th November 1960), eldest son of Colonel H.H. Maharajadhiraja Maharaja Shri Sir Daulatsinhji Partabsinghji Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Idar, KCSI, by his second wife, H.H. Shri Poongliawala Maharani Maji Bhatianji Sahiba, daughter of Rao Shri Guman Singh, of Sattasar, in Bikaner. She d. 1931/1932 - see India (Idar).
4) Rajkumari Shri Sashi Prabha Kumari Deviji Sahiba [Sri Rani Sashi Prabha Kumari Sahiba, Rani of Baghat]. b. 1905. m. 28^thNovember 1917, Sri Raja Durga Singh, Raja of Baghat, CIE (b. 15^th September 1901; d. 30^th January 1977), elder son of Sri Rana Dalip Singh, Rana of Baghat, CIE, by his wife, a daughter of Kanwar Kadar Singh, of Sirmur. She d.s.p.m. April 1947, having had issue, an only daughter who died in infancy - see India Non-Salute (Baghat).

source: http://www.royalark.net

TEHRI GARHWAL HISTORY - 2

1358 - 1389 Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Purba Deo [Ajay Pal] Adi Nath, Maharaja of Garhwal. He conquered 64 garhs and subdued 52 petty states, consolidated and expanding the principality way beyond that enjoyed by his ancestors. Transferred his capital from Chandpur Garh to Devalgarh in 1358, where he built an enormous palace constructed almost exclusively from stone. He was a follower of the goddess Raj Rajeshwari a founder of one of the ten Gorakh Panthi sects, and is hailed as one of eighty-four Siddhas. He d. at Devalgarh, 1389, having had issue:

1) Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Kalyan Shah, Raja of Garhwal - see below.

1389 - 1398 Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Kalyan Shah, Raja of Garhwal, son of Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Purba Deo [Ajay Pal] Adi N, Raja of Garhwal, educ. privately. Succeeded on the death of his father, 1389. Invested with the title of Shah by Sultan Nasir ud-din Muhammad Shah III Tughlaq of Delhi. He d. at Devalgarh, 1398.

1398 - Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Sundar Pal, Maharaja of Garhwal.

… Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Hansdeo Pal, Maharaja of Garhwal.

… - 1548 Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Bijai Pal [Vijaya Pal II], Maharaja of Garhwal. He d. at Devalgarh, 1548.

1548 - 1575 Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Sahaj Pal, Maharaja of Garhwal. 42^nd ruler He was eulogised by the bards who look upon his reign as a golden age, and his principality rich and prosperous. He d. at Devalgarh, 1575.

1575 - 1591 Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Balbhadra Shah, Maharaja of Garhwal. The first of his line to permanently adopt the title of Shah. Fought against Kumaon at the Battle of Gwaldun in 1581. He d. at Devalgarh, 1591.

1591 - 1611 Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Man Shah I, Maharaja of Garhwal, educ. privately. He faced seven invasions by Raja Lakshmi Chand of Kumaon, but succeeded in taking the battle into the invader's territory and occupying his capital. William Finch mentions the Raja in his "Early Travels in India ", in which he describes Garhwal as large and prosperous. He d. at Devalgarh, 1611, having had issue, including two sons:

1) Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Shyam Shah, Maharaja of Garhwal - see below.
2) Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Mahipat Shah, Maharaja of Garhwal - see below.

1611 - 1622 Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Shyam Shah [Sama Shah], Maharaja of Garhwal, elder son of Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Man Shah I, Raja of Garhwal, educ. privately. This ruler is mentioned in the "Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri" as receiving a horse and an elephant from Emperor Jahangir in April 1621. He d. at Devalgarh, 1622, having had issue, a son:

1) Shri Shri Shri Shri Shri Tikka Duloram Shah.

1622 - 1631 Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Mahipat Shah "Garbh Bhanjan", Maharaja of Garhwal, younger son of Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Man Shah I, Maharaja of Garhwal, educ. privately. Succeeded on the death of his nephew, 1622. Transferred his capital from Devalgarh to Srinagar. Eulogised as a great soldier who frequently fought against Kumaon, suppressed banditry in Sirmur, and invaded Tibet with an army of 12,000 in 1624. m. Maharani Mata Karnavati Sahiba, regent for her son 1631-1642, surnamed "Nakattirani" or the 'rani who chops off noses' for her treatment of her vanquished foes, including the army sent against her by Shah Jahan. He was k. in battle against the ruler of Kumaon, July 1631, having had issue:

1) Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Prithvi Pat Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal - see below.

1631 - 1665 Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Prithvi Pat Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal. b. at Srinagar, 1624, son of Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Mahipat Shah "Garva Bhanjan", Maharaja of Garhwal, by his wife, Maharani Karnavati, educ. privately. Succeeded on the death of his father, July 1631. Reigned under the regency of his mother, until he came of age and assumed full ruling powers, ca. 1642. He invited the Jesuit fathers in 1648, allotting them some land to build a church and to cultivate orchards. He granted refuge to Prince Sulaiman Shikoh in 1659 and refused to give him up, until his son did so while Prithvi Pat was fighting against the Kumaonis. He d. at Srinagar, before 14^th July 1665, having had issue, nine sons and several daughters, including:

1) Shri Shri Shri Shri Shri Tikka Medni Shah Sahib. He treacherously surrendered Prince Sulaiman Shah to the Emperor's forces in December 1669, incurring the wroth of his father, who banished him from Garhwal. He d. at Delhi, before 5^th August 1663, having had issue, a son:
- a) Kunwar Fateh Shah, who succeeded as Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Fateh Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal - see below.
2) Rajkumar Shri Ajab Shah [Ajboo Kunwar], of Navada.

1665 - 1716 Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Fateh Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal. b. at Srinagar, 1632, son of Shri Shri Shri Shri Shri Tikka Medni Shah Sahib Bahadur, educ. privately. Succeeded on the death of his grandfather, before 14^th July 1665. Invested with a rob of honour, a jewelled dagger, and an Imperial firman recognising his succession from Emperor Aurangzeb. A great warrior, he led a memorable attack on the Mughal garrison at Dehradun, conquered Paunta and Jaunsar from Sirmur in 1692, and invaded Tibet. He also fought the famous Battle of Bhangani against the Sikh Guru, Gobind Singh, his one time friend, on 18^th September 1688. Fought against the Kumaonis several times during his reign, Srinagar being occupied by them for a brief period ca. 1709. A great patron of art and literature, at whose brilliant court a number of important writers and painters enjoyed his patronage. He d. at Srinagar, 1716, having had issue, four sons and a daughter:

1) Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Upendra Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal - see below.
2) Rajkumar Shri Dalip Shah.
3) Rajkumar Shri Madhukar Shah.
4) Rajkumar Shri Pahar Shah.
1) A daughter. m. at Srinagar, ca. 1688, Raja Ajmer Chand, Raja of Kahlur (d. 1741), son of Raja Bhim Chand, Raja of Kahlur. She had issue - see India (Bilaspur).

1716 - 1717 Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Upendra Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal. b. at Srinagar, 1695, eldest son of Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Fateh Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal, educ. privately. He d. at Sri Nagar, 1717, having had issue, a son:

1) Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Pradip Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal - see below.

1717 - 1772 Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Pradip Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal. b. at Srinagar, 1709, son of Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Upendra Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal, educ. privately. Succeeded on the death of his father, 1717. Reigned under a Council of Regency composed of his mother and Puran Pal or Puriya Naithani. His reign finally saw peace restored between Garhwal and Kumaon, but he faced invasion and harassment from the Rohillas under Najib Khan and Payinda Khan. He d. at Srinagar, December 1772 (or 29^th Mangsir, Samvat 1829), having had issue:

1) Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Lalit Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal - see below.

1772 - 1780 Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Lalit Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal. b. at Srinagar, 1750, son of Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Pradip Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal,educ. privately. Succeeded on the death of his father, December 1772. Invaded Kumaon after the murder of Deep Chand and conquered that kingdom in 1777, which he formed into a kingdom for his younger son in 1779. m. (first) …m. (second) …He d. from malaraia, while returning from Kumaon, at Dulri, August 1780, having had issue, four sons and at least one daughter:

1) Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Jaikarat Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal (s/o the first wife) - see below.
2) H.H. Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Pradyuman Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal (s/o the second wife) - see below.
3) Rajkumar Shri Parakram Shah, who succeeded as Maharaja of Kumaon 1785. Expelled from Kumaon by the supporters of the deposed Chand dynasty in 1786. Retired to Srinagar. m. a daughter of a princess of Hindur (Nalagadh).
4) Rajkumar Shri Pritam Shah. Faujdar of Rawain 1804, captured by the Gurkhas and sent to Nepal as a hostage, released and returned to Tehri in 1816, but soon fell out with his nephew and finally settled at Srinagar.
1) A full sister of Pritam Shah.

Maharaja Lalit Shah also had further issue by a junior wife or concubine.

5) Kunwar Roop Singh. He d. after September 1823.

1780 - 1785 Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Jaikarat [Jayakirti] Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal. b. at Srinagar, 1763, eldest son of Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Lalit Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal, by his first wife, educ. privately. Succeeded on the death of his father, December 1772. Opposed by his minister Kripa Ram Dobhal and the Khanduri, who contested power between themselves 1780-1781. Although assisted to regain control by Jagat Prakash of Sirmur, he then retired to consult Raj Rajeshwari Devi at Devalgarh, but his brother invaded from Kumaon and took control of the capital. Hed.s.p. by suicide at the Raghunathji Temple, Deoprayag, 1785.

1785 - 1804 H.H. Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Pradyuman Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal. b. at Srinagar, 1775, second son of Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Lalit Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Garhwal, by his second wife, educ. privately. Proclaimed as ruler and placed on the gadi of Kumaon by his father in 1779. He later assumed the name of Pradyumma Chand and claimed to be the adopted son of Maharaja Deep Chand. He quarrelled with his half-brother, invaded Garhwal looting Devalgarh and attacked Srinagar. He remained in control there 1781-1783, before returning to Kumaon. Succeeded as ruler of Garhwal on the death of his elder brother, 1785. Installed on the gadi at Srinagar, 1786. Parakram Shah, his unruly younger brother contested control over the principality from the outset, but more importantly, the Gurkhas invaded via Kumaon with massive force in 1791. Although they retired when faced with a Chinese invasion in 1791, he had to accept Nepalese protection and agreed a tribute of Rs 25,000 p.a. They returned with a smaller force in February 1803 and were held-off for a period, but decisively defeated Pradyuman at Chamuwa. He retired to Landhaura, in Saharanpur, January 1804. He was k. in battle with the Gurkhas, at Khurbura, near Dehra Dun, 14^th May 1804, having had issue, two sons:

1) H.H. Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja Sudarshan Shah Sahib Bahadur, Raja of Tehri Garhwal - see below.
2) Rajkumar Shri Devi Singh.

source: http://www.royalark.net

TEHRI GARHWAL HISTORY - 1

The Ponwar Dynasty

GENEALOGY

688 - 699 Raja Kanak Pal, Raja of Kedarkhand. A Panwar Kshatriya prince of the Agnivansha race, he arrived from Gujarat in 688 AD. Succeeded his father-in-law as ruler of Kedarkhand, who supposedly abdicated in his favour and retired to the Himalayas to become an ascetic. He then began the slow process of subduing the recalcitrant magnates and surrounding petty principalities in Garhwal. m. a daughter of Raja Bhanu Pratap, Raja of Kedarkhand. He d. 699, having had issue, a son:

1) Raja Shyam Pal [Sumut Pal] - see below.

699 - 725 Raja Shyam Pal [Sumut Pal], son of Raja Kanak Pal, Raja of Kedarkhand.

725 - 756 Raja Pandu Pal [Purana Pal]

756 - 781 Raja Abhigat Pal [Ameegut Pal] [Avyakta Pal]

781 - 801 Raja Sigat Pal [Shuptee Pal]

801 - 850 Raja Ratan Pal [Riti Pal]

850 - 858 Raja Sali Pal [Salivahan Pal]

858 - 878 Raja Bidhi Pal [Vidhi Pal]

878 - 895 Raja Madan Pal I

895 - 920 Raja Bhagti Pal [Bhagdatta Pal]

920 - 949 Raja Jai Chand [Jaychandra Pal]

949 - 973 Raja Prithi Pal [Kirthi Pal]

973 - 995 Raja Madan Shahi [Madan Pal II]Copyright©Christopher Buyers
995 - 1015 Raja Agasti Pal
Copyright©Christopher Buyers
1015 - 1037 Raja Suraj [Surati] Pal

1037 - 1056 Raja Jayant Singh [Jayat Pal]

1056 - 1072 Raja Anant Pal I

1072 - 1084 Raja Anand Pal I [Anirudh Pal]

1084 - 1102 Raja Vibhog Pal II [Vibhogita Pal]

1102 - 1116 Raja Subhajan Pal [Gugyan Pal] [Subadhan Pal]

1116 - 1131 Raja Vikram Pal

1131 - 1141 Raja Vichitra Pal [Vijaya Pal]

1141 - 1152 Raja Hansa Pal

1152 - 1159 Raja Som Pal [Sawarn Pal] [Soma Pal], Raja of Garhwal. He succeeded in completing the task begun by his ancestor, Kanak Pal, finally succeeding in establishing control over Garhwal.

1159 - 1164 Raja Kadli Pal [Kantikri] [Kanha Pal], Raja of Garhwal.Copyright©Christopher Buyers
1164 - 1179 Raja Kamdeo Pal, Raja of Garhwal.

1179 - 1197 Raja Salakhan Deo [Sulukshan Pal] [Sulakshana Pal], Raja of Garhwal.
Copyright©Christopher Buyers
1197 - 1220 Raja Mahalakshman Pal [Lakhan Pal] [Lakshana Deva], Raja of Garhwal.

1220 - 1241 Raja Anant Pal II [Sudh Pal] [Ananta Pal], Raja of Garhwal.

1241 - 1260 Raja Purab Pal [Apoorub Pal] [Abhideva Pal], Raja of Garhwal.

1260 - 1267 Raja Abhaya Deo [Abhayadeva Pal], Raja of Garhwal.

1267 - 1290 Raja Jairam Deo [Ajayadeva Pal], Raja of Garhwal.

1290 - 1299 Raja Asal Deo [Asokpratapa Pal], Raja of Garhwal.

1299 - 1311 Raja Jagat Pal [Jayadeva Pal], Raja of Garhwal.

1311 - 1330 Raja Jit Pal [Jitang Pal] [Jitarhdeva Pal], Raja of Garhwal.

1330 - 1358 Raja Anand Pal II, Raja of Garhwal.

SOURCE: http://www.royalark.net

BRIEF HISTORY - TEHRI GARHWAL

The Royal Family of Tehri Garhwal belong to the ancient Panwar clan of Agnivansha Rajputs. The progenitor of their line arrived in Garhwal, from Gujarat, in 688 AD. Kanak Pal married the daughter of the ruler of a petty state called Kedarkhand, who promptly and conveniently abdicated in his favour and retired to the hills. His descendants began a slow process of increasing their territories and bringing petty nobles and tribal clans under their sway.

Raja Som Pal, the twenty-third ruler after Kanak Pal succeeded in completing the task begun by his ancestor, by establishing a degree of hegemony over most of Garhwal. However, it took Ajay Pal, thirteenth ruler after Som Pal, to fully consolidate the gains and substantially expand the kingdom.

Ajay Pal (or Purba Deo) excelled as a warrior, administrator and scholar. He his relentless waging of war over his neighbours resulted in the conquest of sixty-four forts and the subjugation of fifty-two petty rulers. He established a new capital and endowed it with a vast palace and several temples, and was hailed as a religious divine. Alas, his gains also laid the seeds for future conflict. The expansion of the state brought the Pal family into direct opposition to the Chands of Kumaon. The following centuries saw a continuous competition and conflict between these two families, each vying with each other to control the hills.

Garhwal enjoyed its golden age under the Ponwars during the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. It grew rich and controlled a large amount of territory, attracting travellers from far and wide. Maharaja Mahipat Shah was strong enough to attack the Mughals and mount a punitive expedition into Tibet. Maharaja Prithvi Pat Shah invited the Jesuits to settle and build churches and cultivate orchards.

Maharaja Lalit Shah surpassed his ancestors by finally subduing their old enemy, by invading and conquering Kumaon. He expelled the Chands and placed his own younger son on the throne. Alas, in this triumph also lay the seeds of disaster, his sons quarrelled with each other and brought ruin upon themselves. These divisions played into the hands of the expanding Gurkha state and Nepal, prompting them to invade Kumaon and then take control of most of the hill country, expelling or subduing most of the rajas. The Maharaja of Garhwal was one of those who fought gallantly against them, bu ultimately fell in battle against them.

Sudarshan Shah, son and heir of the defeated ruler, went into exile and settled in British territory. Increasing tensions between the British and Nepalese soon led to preparations for war. The young heir saw his chance and entered into an alliance with them in 1812. When the expected war erupted, he joined forces with them in he conquest of the hill territories. At wars end in 1815, Sudarshan received approximately half his ancestral territories and received recognition as Raja of a new state called Tehri Garhwal. He died in 1859, but without leaving a Royal heir, as demanded by family custom. Nevertheless, his gallant services during the Anglo-Nepalese War and further services during the Indian Mutiny ensured that the British authorities recognised his son by a non-Royal wife as ruler. Bhawani Shah received a new grant of the state to his legitimate descendants. He later received a sanad of adoption in case of an absence of male heirs.

Bhawani Shah was succeeded by Pratap Shah, Kirti Shah and Narendra Shah. All three rulers took a keen interest in the administration, law and education. By the 1930s his little state boasted some of the best schools and hospitals in the hills. The state also maintained a small but efficient force of sappers and miners, who won fame during the two World Wars.

Maharaja Sir Narendra Shah abdicated in favour of his son in 1946, in preparation of the momentous changes brought about by the hand-over of power in British India. The new Maharaja Manabendra Shah arranged for the entry of his little state into the Indian Union, then embarked on a long political career as a parliamentarian. He also briefly served in diplomatic posts, before returning to parliament and resuming politics. At his death in 2007, he was still serving as an MP. His son, Manujendra Shah, succeeded him and was installed as Maharajka shortly after the funeral, and has also followed him in his political footsteps.

SALUTE:
11-Guns (1878).

STYLES & TITLES:
The ruling prince: Swasti Shri 1008 Badrish Charya Prayana Garh-Rajya Mahi Mahendra Dharam, Vaibhav Dharam Rakshah Shiromani Shri 108 Maharaja (personal name) Shah Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Tehri Garhwal, with the style of His Highness.
The consort of the ruling prince: Maharani Shri (personal name) Deviji Sahiba, Maharani of Tehri Garhwal, with the style of Her Highness.
The Heir Apparent: Shri Shri Shri Shri Shri Tikka (personal name) Shah.
The consort of the Heir Apparent: Shri Shri Shri Shri Shri Tikkarani (personal name) Deviji Sahiba.
The younger (legitimate) sons of the ruling prince: Maharajkumar Shri (personal name) Shah.
The consorts of the younger sons of the ruling prince: Rani (personal name) Sahiba.
The daughters of the ruling prince: Maharajkumari Shri (personal name) Deviji Sahiba.
The grandsons of the ruling prince: Rajkumar Shri (personal name) Shah.
The granddaughters of the ruling prince: Rajkumari Shri (personal name) Sahiba.
The other sons and descendants of the ruling prince, in the male line: Kunwar (personal name) Shah.
The consorts of the other sons and descendants of the ruling prince, in the male line: Kunwarani (personal name).

ORDERS & DECORATIONS:
None known.

RULES OF SUCCESSION:
Male primogeniture amongst the legitimate descendants of Maharaja Bhawani Shah (r 1859-1871), with the right of adoption by the recognised head of the family on the failure of natural male heirs.

SOURCES:
Administration report of the Tehri State. 1878/79-1884/85, 1888/89-1890/91, 1893/94-1898/99, 1909/10-1934/35, & 1937/38-1943/44. IOR/V/10, Oriental and India Office Collection, British Library, St Pancras, London.
G.L. Chopra. Chiefs and Families of Note in the Punjab. 3 Volumes. Superintendent of Government Printing, Lahore, 1940.
Major W.L. Conran and H.D. Craik. Chiefs and Families of Note in the Punjab. 3 Volumes. Government of the Punjab, Lahore, 1910-1911.
Dr. Shiva Prasad Dabaral [Charan]. Uttarakhanda Ka Rajanaitika Tatha Samskritika Itihasa, Part V: Kumaun, Garhwal, Aur, Himachale Par, Gorkhali Shasana, Samvat 1876-1872 (AD 1790-1815). Dogadha, Garhwal: Vir-Gatha Prakashan. 2030 (AD 1973).
Sir Lepel Henry Griffin. The Panjab Chiefs: Historical and Biographical Notices of the Principal Singh Families in the Territories Under the Panjab Government. Lahore, 1865.
Sir Lepel Henry Griffin & Charles Francis Massy (ed). The Panjab chiefs: historical and biographical notices of the principal Singh families in the Lahore and Rawalpindi divisions of the Panjab. Civil and Military Gazette Press, Lahore, 1890.
W.H.L. Impey (ed.). Manual of Titles, North-Western Provinces. North-Western Provinces and Oudh Government Press, Allahabad, 1889.
Waman P. Kabadi (ed.), Indian Who's Who 1937-38,Yeshanand & Co., Bombay, 1937.
Manual of Titles for Oudh, showing all holders of hereditary and personal titles in the province. Government Press, North-Western Provinces and Oudh, Allahabad, 1889.
Manual of Titles, United Provinces of Agra and Oudh. Sixth Edition. The Superintendent, Printing and Stationery, United Provinces, Allahabad, 1917.
Manual of Titles, United Provinces of Agra and Oudh [Corrected up to September 30, 1931]. The Superintendent, Printing and Stationery, United Provinces, Allahabad, 1932.
Memoranda on The Indian States 1940 (Corrected upto the 1st January 1940). Published by Authority, Manager of Publications, Delhi, 1940.
H.R. Nevill (ed.). Manual of Titles, United Provinces of Agra and Oudh. Sixth Edition. The Superintendent, Printing and Stationery, United Provinces, Allahabad, 1908.
Ajay S. Rawat. History of Garhwal 1358-1947, An Erstwhile Kingdom in the Himalayas. Indus Publishing Company, New Delhi, 1989.
Atul Saklani. The History of a Himalayan Princely State: Change, Conflicts and Awakening: An Interpretative History of Princely State of Tehri Garhwal, UP, 1815 to 1949 AD. Durga Publications, Delhi, 1987.
Samar Bikram Shah, VrC, VM. Sam's Indian Air Force Site Down Under.

SPECIAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
Father Lawrence Ober, SJ.
Gitanjali Singh.
Samar Shah.

SOURCE:- http://www.royalark.net/India/tehri.htm

Wednesday, May 29, 2013

प्रधान मंत्री जी ! तुमर बिजणौ समौ कब आलो ?

गढ़वाली हास्य -व्यंग्य

सौज सौज मा मजाक मसखरी

   हौंस,चबोड़,चखन्यौ
    सौज सौज मा गंभीर चर्चा ,छ्वीं
                                प्रधान मंत्री जी ! तुमर बिजणौ समौ कब आलो ?

                       चबोड़्या - चखन्यौर्या: भीष्म कुकरेती (s = आधी अ )
आदरणीय प्रधान मंत्री जी अर सबि विरोधी नेता लोग !

समनैन ! तुम सब्युं कुर्सी बचीं रैन , प्रजातंत्र का नाम पर तुमर झड़नाती -पड़नात्युं तैं विरासत मा तुमारि कुर्सी मिल्दि जावु।
उन त मि जाणदो छौं तुम लोगुं चमड़ी गैंडा की खाल से बि जादा बकळि च जख पर चुनाव हारण से, लगातार वोट प्रतिशत मा गिरावट से कुछ फरक नि पड़दो उख मै सरीखा मनिखौ चिट्ठी से क्या फरक पड़दो।
पण ए जी ! तुम कर्तव्यवोध हीन, चक्षुहीन, निकजा, निर्मोही,निपट संवेदनहीन, निर्मूलक,निर्व्यापार, ह्वे गे होला पण मैं सरीखा करोड़ों भारतीयों मा   कर्तव्य वोध, आँख, देश मोह, संवेदना आत्मा, चेतना, वुद्धि, संज्ञा , आशा अबि बि बचीं च।
इलै मि कर्तव्य वोध से प्रेरित आप सबि लोगुं कुण चिट्ठी भेजणु छौं तुम नी बि बांचिल्या तो भी मि अपण कर्तव्य निभाणम अग्वाड़ी ही रोलु।

हे ! कुनेथियो, कुढबियो, कुत्सित कर्मियों ! पता बि च तुम तैं कि तुमर कुनीत्युं अर कुकाज से यु क्या होणु च -कुस्वप्न, कसूत (मिसमैनेजमेंट) अर कुहक (भरम ) फैल्युं च , भारत एक कुखेत ह्वे गे।
अब जरा तक लगैक द्याखो जख आज चबूतरों , चौराहों , चौबटो , चराई जगौं , कॉफ़ी हाउसों , बसों , रेलों माँ लोगुं छ्वीं लगण चयेणी छे बल अबि चीनी प्रधान मंत्री भारत ऐ छा तो क्या हमर राजनीतिग्य , प्रशासनिक अधिकारी, उद्योगपति इन जुगत भिड़ाला कि चीन से आयात अर चीन कुणि निर्यात का बीच जो खतरनाक गहरी-चौड़ी खाइ (डिस बैलेंस ) पैदा ह्वे ग्यायि अर वीं आर्थिक खाई तैं कनै भरे जावो। पण चुलम बि अर चिलम पींद दै छ्वीं लगणा छन कि चंडेलिया खिलाड़ी तैं पकड़्याण से कथगा नुकसान ह्वे होलु अर क्या चंडेला पुलिस कस्टडी से भैर आणो उपरांत अपण नुकसानौ भरपाई करी साकल कि ना! चिंता भारत अर चीन का मध्य आर्थिक खाई की नि होणि च चर्चा चंडेला पर अटग गे।

हे जंग लग्याँ नेताओं ! तुम तैं खबर बि च कि हमर प्रधान मंत्री जापान जात्रा पर जयाँ छा। प्रधान मंत्री की जापान जात्रा एक जरूरी घटना छे अर हमर व्यापारियों, उत्पादकों तैं सुचण चयेणु छौ कि हम जापान से क्या फैदा लिवां कि हमर जो हजारों फैक्ट्री बंद ह्वे गेन वूं फैक्टर्यूं तैं कनै दुबार शुरू करे जावो पण आज भारतीय इथगा पलायनवादी ह्वे गे कि जख वै तैं वस्तु निर्माण (प्रोडक्सन ) पर बहस करण चयाणो छौ वो अपण चौक मा चिंता जताणु च, चरचा करणु च, चकचक करणु च कि आईपीएल मा विदेशी खिलन्देरो संख्या बढाई जाव जाँ से मजा जादा ह्वे जावो।
अबि सि छतीसगढ़ मा मावोवादियोंन कथगा लोगुं निर्मम हत्या कार। आज जब कि चर्चा , छ्वीं, बहस होण चयाणो छौ कि मावोवादी आतंकवाद तैं कनै रुके जावो उख हम भारतवासी बहस , चर्चा , छुयुं माँ व्यस्त छंवा कि बीसीसीअई को अध्यक्ष श्रीनिवासन की मोर्चाबंदी तैं कनकै रोके जाव।
हे महामहिमो ! मौर्य शासन को अवसान कुशाण राज को खतम हूण, गुप्तवंश को खात्मा, मुहमद तुगलक को निर्बीजिकरण, मुगल सल्तनत को अस्ताचल को जाण, गढवाल से पंवार वंश को खतम हूण, कुमाओं से चंद वंश को चंपत हूण मा कुछ ख़ास चरित्र अर लक्षण इकसनि छा। जब भी उच्च पदासीन लोग कुर्सी लोभी , भाई भतीजावाद का समर्थक , स्वार्थी , जनता से दूर, भ्रष्ट , निर्लज , आचार -विचार हीन, संवेदन हीन , पाळिबाज (गुटबाज), व्यसनी , अमानत माँ खयानत तै अडसारो दीण वाळ, बेइमान , स्वेच्छाचारी , गुंदकीखोर, बदखोर ह्वे जावन तो तब जनता, छवट-पदाधिकारी, चिंतक, कारीगर समाज, शिक्षक समाज , अडंदेर समाज, पूरो समाज पलायनवादी ह्वे जांद अर यूँका ध्यान मुख्य विषय पण ना गौण विषयों पर अटकि जांद। अर समाज व जनता के यीं पलायनवादी मानसिकता से देश समाज को नुकसान अवश्यम्भावी च।
आज भारतीय जनता, अडंदेर अर चिन्तक पलायनवादी ह्वे गेन अर मुख्य विषयों छोड़िक गौण विषयों पर झकमारी करण, समय बरबाद करण , मुख्य कामौ मुद्दा से भटकण गीजि गेन अर हे माहामहिमो तुम अबि बि गहरी नींद मा छंवाँ।
हे नेताओं ! क्या अबि बि तुमर बिजणो समौ नि आयि ?

Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti 30/05/2013
(लेख सर्वथा काल्पनिक  है )

Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Haridwar

Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal, Haridwar, Uttarkahnd-40

Epic, Marathon, Classic, Impressive, Grand, Mahabharata Folklore, Folktales, Folk Stories of Haridwar, Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand – 1

Bhishma Kukreti

Mahabharata influenced the most to Haridwar, Garhwal and Kumaun. The reason s are many behind influence of Mahabharata on the culture, custom, tradition, education health care, poetry, language, literature of Haridwar, Kumaon and Garhwal.

There are tens of folk stories, folk song tales of Mahabharata in Haridwar, Garhwal and Kumaon. There are a couple of folk tales related to Mahabharata and Haridwar. One famous Mahabharata based folk tale of Haridwar, Kumaon and Garhwal is about Arjun marrying with Nagkanya Ulipi.

Arjun was third brother among Pandavas born by Kunti. When five brothers Pandavas married Draupadi they made a rule that when a brother would be with Draupadi other brother/brothers should not enter into that room without permission. The punishment was twelve years exile for that broke the rule.

One day, Yudhisthir was with Draupadi in a room. The arrow and bow of Arjun were in that room. For saving a Brahmin, in hurry, Arjun entered to room to take bow and arrows without taking permission of Yudhisthir.

After t saving Brahmin, Arjun asked his brothers for going in exile. Many people joined Arjun to travel.

Arjun travelled many cities and pilgrim places of India. Arjun reached to Gangadwar (Haridwar) and stayed there for many days. He performed Agnihotra Yagya with Brahmins.

One day, Arjun was taking dip into holy Ganges. As soon as he was coming out from Ganges, Nagkanya Ulipi saw Arjun and she was deeply attracted to Arjun. Ulipi pulled Arjun into Ganges. Arjun became angry and he asked the girl for her introduction and reason for pulling him. Ulipi answered that she was daughter of Kauravya Nag. Kaurvya daughter Ulipi asked for love from Arjun. Arjun informed about his wife Draupadi. Ulipi made Arjun understand that by making love with him , he would not break any rule.

Ulipi told that if Arjun would not marry with her she would die. Whole night, Arjun stayed with her. In morning Arjun came to Haridwar with her to join his traveler fellows. Arjun was supposed to leave Haridwar (Gangadwar). While Arjun leaving Ulipi in Haridwar, Ulipi blessed Arjun that no water animals could harm Arjun and all water fauna would be slave of Arjun.

After nine months, Ulipi delivered a strong child. She named him as Irwan. Later, Irwan fought for Pandavas in Kurukshetra battle.

Irwan was great personality of Haridwar.

Reference: Mahabharata, Adiparv, 213

Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued…40

Chivalry, Gallantry, gracious Folklores, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand to be continued…24

Curtsey and references:

Dr. Krishna Nand Joshi, Kumaon ka Lok Sahitya (Folklore texts of Kumaon)

Dr Trilochan Pandey, Kumaoni Bhasha aur Uska Sahity(Folklore literature of Kumaon )

Dr Siva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Lok Nrityageet (Folk Songs and Folk dances of Garhwal )

Dr Govind Chatak, Garhwali Lokgathayen (Folklore of Garhwali)

Dr. Govind Chatak, Kumaoni Lokgathayen (Folklore of Kumaoni)

Dr Urvi Datt Upadhyaya, Kumaon ki Lokgathaon ka Sahityik Adhyayan (Literary review of Folklore of Kumaon)

Dr. Dip Chand Chaudhri, 1995, Askot ka Palvansh , Gumani Shodhkendra, Uprada, Gangalighat

Dr. Prayag Joshi, Kumaon Garhwal ki Lokgathaon ka Vivechnatmak Adhyayan (Critical Review of Folklore of Kumaon and Garhwal)

Dr Dinesh Chandra Baluni, Uttarakhand ki Lokgathayen (Folklore of Uttarakhand)

Dr Jagdish (Jaggu) Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar, (Partially Folklore of Ravain)

Ramesh Matiyani ‘Shailesh’ 1959, Kumaun ki Lok Gathayen

Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Dhunyal (Folklore and Folk Songs of Garhwal)

Shambhu Prasad Bahuguna, Virat Hriday

Kusum Budhwar, 2010, Where Gods Dwell: Central Himalayan Folktales and Legends

C.M. Agarwal , Golu Devta, 1992, The God of Justice of Kumaon Himalayas

N.D .Paliwal, 1987, Kumaoni Lok Geet

E.S. Oakley and Tara Datt Gairola 1935, Himalayan Folklore

M.R.Anand, 2009, Understanding the Socio Cultural experiences of Pahadi folks: Jagar Gathas of Kumaon and Garhwal

Dr. Pradeep Saklani, 2008, Ethno archeology of Yamuna Valley

Shiv Narayan Singh Bisht, 1928, Gadhu Sumyal, Banghat , Pauri Garhwal

Kumaon: Kala, Shilp,aur Sanskriti www.himvan.com/webpages/dana.htm

Anjali Kapila (2004), Traditional health Practices of Kumaoni women

Bhishma Kukreti, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhy Tatva va Vivechana

Helle Primdahi, 1994, Central Himalayan Folklore: folk Songs in Rituals of the Life Cycle

Hemant Kumar Shukla, D.R. Purohit, 2012, Theories and Practices of Hurkiya Theater in Uttarakhand, Language in India Vol.12:5: 2012 Page 143- 150

Dev Singh Pokhariya, 1996, Kumauni Jagar Kathayen aur Lokgathayen

Madan Chand Bhatt, 2002, Kumaun ki Jagar Kathayen

Bhishma Kukreti, Garhwal ki Lok Kathayen, Alaknanda Prakashan

Bhishma Kukreti, Notes on History, Folk Literature of Haridwar

Notes on Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Haridwar; Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Mohand, Haridwar; Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Biharigarh, Haridwar; Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Sakrauda, Haridwar; Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Bhagalpur, Haridwar; Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Jabarhera, Haridwar; Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Roorkee, Haridwar; Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Manglaur, Haridwar; Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Laksar, Haridwar; Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Sultanpur, Haridwar; Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Pathri, Haridwar; Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Jwalapur, Haridwar; Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Kankhal, Haridwar; Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Ranipur, Haridwar; Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Narsan. Haridwar; Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Bahadrabad, Haridwar; Arjun –Ulipi Vivah: A Mahabharata Folktale, Folk Story from Khanpur, Haridwar

Purukh Pant: Folktale of a Courageous, Brave, Valiant Legend of Kumaon

Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths, Jagar of Kumaon-Garhwal –Haridwar (Uttarakhand) -39

Chivalry, Gallantry, Graciousness Folklores, Folk Legends, Folk Myths, Ballads of Bravery of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar, Uttarakhand –23

By: Bhishma Kukreti

Usually, Rajput had been brave fighters in Uttarakhand. However, Purukh Pant was a Brahmin Bhad (brave man).

Bhuwas Pant fathered two sons –Maha Pant and Purukh Pant. Purukh Pant was brought in his maternal uncle home in his childhood. His forehead was wide and ear were as ‘Soop’. There in the village of his maternal uncle, Purukh Pant used to look after herds of animals in Nimathi forest. There he used to lay with his friends who used to build small houses by stones and mud. Purukh Pant used to take buffalo milk directly from buffalo.

Chand King was the ruler of between Kali Ganga and Ram Ganga Rivers. The kingdom was big. Kafaliya of Hat used to pluck ‘Kafal’ fruits for the king. Dahlila people used to make baskets. Bhandaris were store keepers. Kanyal used to clean spikes. Mahar used to look after domestic animals.

The King Narchand was a cruel king. To enter the court, a person had to salute the court dog. Nobody was allowed for performing the deity rituals and Pitar Shradh.

One day, Purukh Pant took his caws to Sundhunga forest. Purukh Pant came back home without ‘Gajali’ caw. Purukh pant went back to forest for searching the lost caw. Purukh saw that the Dotiyal soldiers of the king taken the caw and tied there. Those soldiers too Purukh Pant to the king. The king ordered to cut the ‘Choti’ of Purukh and blacken the face. The king also ordered to cut the caw tail.

Hopelessly, Purukh came back from the court. Purukh Pant was very angry on the king. Purukh Pant took the vow to finish the king and kingdom.

Purukh Pant collected Akoti, Gaida, Mahar, Kafaliya communities and founded an army. There were seven hundred army men with Purukh Pant. The army of Purukh Pant made hard sticks by Ghingara, Clubs by Katauj. They took axes and Basula. Lead by Purukh Pant, the army marched in night.

They all took blessing from Malaynath temple. The surrounded the Rajkot hills. The army burnt the houses of Dotiyal soldiers. The dog of king started barking. The king ordered his army to slip big stones from top of Rajkot hill. Army did so. Purukh and his army had to flee. The King ordered to capture Purukh pant and also declared reward on the head of Purukh Pant. Nobody could find Purukh Pant.

Purukh Pant changed his dressing and became as Jogi. In the form of Jogi, Purukh started campaign against the rule of King.

Purukh went to his maternal uncle village. Purukh met his grandmother. His grandmother did not recognize him but offered Kheer to Jogi on ‘pattal’ (leave plate). Purukh started taking kheer but Kheer came out from ‘pattal’. His grandmother told “You don’t know to take Kheer and Purukh Pant does not know winning Seerakot.”

Purukh Pant asked the technique of winning Seerakot. His grandmother told that Purukh Pant should capture water source that armed forces die by thirst.

Purukh Pant went to the capital Seerakot in jogi (sage) form. His fame was reached to the king. The king called Purukh Pant (Jogi). The king asked Purukh Pant (Jogi) to get something from him. Jogi form Purukh demanded water from water source for his Sandhya. The king accepted the demand thinking that it would be only a liter or so.

When the army went to take water from water source, the Jogi told that now, he was the owner of water source. Jogi asked money for water. Due to fear of cursing by Jogi, the king started paying money for water to Purukh Pant. This way Purukh Pant got money and again he built his huge army by that money from king.

Now, the king understood that Jogi was Purukh Pant.

Purukh pant attacked to king Narchand. Purukh pant won the war and became king.

After some time, Purukh Pant went to Kedarnath temple. There, Bhotiya women cook were cooking meal for him. Purukh Pant insulted Bhotiya women.

F While returning from Kedarnath, for some reason Purukh Pant was alone. The widows of Chand king army men of Seerakot battle killed Purukh Pant by drawing him into pond.

Source; Kumaon ki Lok Gathayen

Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued…40

Chivalry, Gallantry, gracious Folklores, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand to be continued…24

Curtsey and references:

Dr. Krishna Nand Joshi, Kumaon ka Lok Sahitya (Folklore texts of Kumaon)

Dr Trilochan Pandey, Kumaoni Bhasha aur Uska Sahity(Folklore literature of Kumaon )

Dr Siva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Lok Nrityageet (Folk Songs and dances of Garhwal )

Dr Govind Chatak, Garhwali Lokgathayen (Folklore of Garhwali)

Dr. Govind Chatak, Kumaoni Lokgathayen (Folklore of Kumaoni)

Dr Urvi Datt Upadhyaya, Kumaon ki Lokgathaon ka Sahityik Adhyayan (Literary review of Folklore of Kumaon)

Dr. Dip Chand Chaudhri, 1995, Askot ka Palvansh , Gumani Shodhkendra, Uprada, Gangalighat

Dr. Prayag Joshi, Kumaon Garhwal ki Lokgathaon ka Vivechnatmak Adhyayan (Critical Review of Folklore of Kumaon and Garhwal)

Dr Dinesh Chandra Baluni, Uttarakhand ki Lokgathayen (Folklore of Uttarakhand)

Dr Jagdish (Jaggu) Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar, (Partially Folklore of Ravain)

Ramesh Matiyani ‘Shailesh’ 1959, Kumaun ki Lok Gathayen

Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Dhunyal (Folklore and Folk Songs of Garhwal)

Shambhu Prasad Bahuguna, Virat Hriday

Kusum Budhwar, 2010, Where Gods Dwell: Central Himalayan Folktales and Legends

C.M. Agarwal , Golu Devta, 1992, The God of Justice of Kumaon Himalayas

N.D .Paliwal, 1987, Kumaoni Lok Geet

E.S. Oakley and Tara Datt Gairola 1935, Himalayan Folklore

M.R.Anand, 2009, Understanding the Socio Cultural experiences of Pahadi folks: Jagar Gathas of Kumaon and Garhwal

Dr. Pradeep Saklani, 2008, Ethno archeology of Yamuna Valley

Shiv Narayan Singh Bisht, 1928, Gadhu Sumyal, Banghat , Pauri Garhwal

Kumaon: Kala, Shilp,aur Sanskriti www.himvan.com/webpages/dana.htm

Anjali Kapila (2004), Traditional health Practices of Kumaoni women

Bhishma Kukreti, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhy Tatva va Vivechana

Helle Primdahi, 1994, Central Himalayan Folklore: folk Songs in Rituals of the Life Cycle

Hemant Kumar Shukla, D.R. Purohit, 2012, Theories and Practices of Hurkiya Theater in Uttarakhand, Language in India Vol.12:5: 2012 Page 143- 150

Dev Singh Pokhariya, 1996, Kumauni Jagar Kathayen aur Lokgathayen

Madan Chand Bhatt, 2002, Kumaun ki Jagar Kathayen

Notes on Purukh Pant: Folktale of a Courageous, Brave, Valiant Legend of Kumaon; Purukh Pant: Folktale of a Courageous, Brave, Valiant Legend of Pithoragarh, Kumaon; Purukh Pant: Folktale of a Courageous, Brave, Valiant Legend of Askot, Kumaon; Purukh Pant: Folktale of a Courageous, Brave, Valiant Legend of Bageshwar, Kumaon; Purukh Pant: Folktale of a Courageous, Brave, Valiant Legend of Champawat, Kumaon; Purukh Pant: Folktale of a Courageous, Brave, Valiant Legend of Almora, Kumaon; Purukh Pant: Folktale of a Courageous, Brave, Valiant Legend of Nainital, Kumaon; Purukh Pant: Folktale of a Courageous, Brave, Valiant Legend of Udham Singh Nagar, Kumaon