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उत्तराखंडी ई-पत्रिका

उत्तराखंडी ई-पत्रिका

Wednesday, January 13, 2016

Chandra Singh Rahi (1942-2015 ): A Great Garhwali Lyric Poet

 Bhishma Kukreti

                 Greek community and European community are proud of great lyric poet Alcman of Sparta (700 B.C.), great lyric poet Sappho of Lesbos (600B.C.), great lyric poet Alcaeus of Lesbos (600B.C.) , great lyric poet Anacreon of Teos (600 B.C.), great lyric poet Stesichorus of Himera(600B.C.), great lyric poet Ibycus of Rhegium (600 B.C.), great lyric poet Simonides of Ceos (600B.C.), great lyric poet Bacchylides of Ceos (500 B.C) and Pindar of Thebes (500 B.C) for their choral or monadic lyric. Himalayan communities are proud for great lyric poet Chandra Singh Rahi of Ginvali village, Maudadsyun, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India born on 28th March 1942. He expired on 10th January 2015
                 Chandra Singh Rahi is famous for his singing of folk song in Garhwali concerts. However, he is great lyric poet of Garhwali. Till date Rahi published following poetry collections-
1-Dil Ko Umal (1966)
2-Ramchhol (1981)
3-Poetries in ‘Dhai’  (1980) a poetry collection by many poets.
4-Geet Ganga  (2010)
 The great lyric poet Chandra Singh Rahi is expert of love songs. He has modernized the situation and youth become mad while listening such love songs as following two lyrical poems are sufficient to tell the strength of great lyric poet Chandra Singh Rahi
अब जरा ये नै जमानो को चच्कारो भ्म्कारो बि द्याखो अर डिस्को नाचो !
--------------------हल्लो मेरो यार (डिस्को गीत )-------------
-------------------गितांग ::::चन्द्र सिंह राही---------------------- हेलो मेरे यार हौ ड़ू यू ड़ू
आई लव यू त्वे मेरो ज्यू
जन दाळ भात मा घ्यू
हैरी भुज्जी को ठुंगार हेलो मेरे यार हौ ड़ू यू ड़ू
मुखडी में बहार है
जिकुड़ी मा उलार है
उत्तराखंड की छोरी है
जन आग की चिंगारी है
अंग्रेजी बुखार है
हिंदी का गुलदार है
हेलो मेरे यार हौ ड़ू यू ड़ू
आंखी बि मिलाती है
नखरा भी दिखाती है
बेकसूर छोरों थैं
च्त्गा भी लगवाती है
भारी  मक्कार
हेलो मेरे यार हौ ड़ू यू ड़ू
पाड़ी नहे बीन्गती है
फ़िल्मी गीत गाती है
हेलो हाय हाय कैकी
दगड़ीयों थैं भटयाती है
जिकुड़ी धोखा दार
हेलो मेरे यार हौ ड़ू यू ड़ू
चार इंची की कुर्ती पैरी
शरम ल्याज गोळ है
जीन्स द्याखा इन्नी कसी
जन तकिया परे खोळ है
दाना सयाणा छन लाचार
हेलो मेरे यार हौ ड़ू यू ड़ू
Copyright @ Chandra Singh Raahi 
           Rapture of love poetry  of Chandra Singh Rahi

Garhwali poetry is now on the move. It has varied subjects and varied emotions with modernity
Love is eternal and love poems are found in every old and modern literature .
Bharat Natya Shashtra defines “ The Rasa or rapture Love is pure with pious soul , bright, and delight in character “ and further illustrates , “ The Rasa being gracious, and magnificent ,  wonderful, with pleasure, is expressed by means of affection, between males and females of active age. It has two basic forms - Union (Sambhog) and Viyog (Separation)
 Bharat says, “ The Union  or meeting arises from determinants like, the soothing effect of season, the delightment, company of beloved…”
  There are many poems related rapture of love as the following poems of Chandra Singh Rahi which has all main emotions of union rapture:

           जवान ह्वेगेई

           
बीरूत्वा !  पधानू की रूपा तू जवान ह्व़े गे
रूपा : छि भै तैल्या खोल़ा का ीरू बिगची तू गेई
बीरू : पोरु प्रार इतरी छै तू
           गिंडळी  झगुली पैरदी छै तू
            ग्वरू  मा बटी ख्य्ल्दी  छै तू 
            धूळ मा भ्वरीं रौंदी  छै तू
             सेलंगा सी डाळी लमछडि ह्व़े गे
             त्वा ! पधानू की ूपा तू जवान ह्व़े गे

रूपा : छि भै तैल्या खोल़ा का ीरू बिगची तू  गेइ
          छ्व्टा मा  खूब छौ 
          कूडि  बाड़ी ख्यल्दु  तू
          बुखणा भिल्ली लांदु  तू
         काफळ मैकू टीपदू छौ तू
          परदेश जैकी निगरू ह्व़े गेई
        छि भै तैल्या खोल़ा का बीरू बिगची तू गेई
बीरू : त्वा ! पधानू की रूपा तू जवान ह्व़े गे
         बनी बनी  नखरा ऐगीं
         आंखी छ्वीं लगाण लैगीं
         जवानी  उभार ऐगी
          पूरी तू कज्याण ह्व़े गे 
         शान मा भुयां बि द्यखदी णि छैई
        त्वा ! पधानू की रूपा  जवान ह्व़े गे
रूपा : छि भै तैल्या खोल़ा का ीरू बिगची तू गेई
        शर्म नि रै त्वेई परा
         गिचु  समांळ जरा
         ब्व़े  कंदूड भणक जालि
         चीर देली मेई परा 
         निर्भागी कुटकी खजै तू गेई         
         छि भै तैल्या खोल़ा का बीरू बिगची तू गेई
बीरू : त्वा ! पधानू की रूपा तू जवान ह्व़े गे
         ब्व़े मा बात बिन्गें द्यूं
         टिपडा त्यार मिलै द्यू
         ज्यू ब्वाद त्वे बरी ्यूं
        लव  मैरिज  करी द्यूं
        खबरदार तवी जी चिफल़ेइ नि जैई
        त्वा ! पधानू की रूपा  जवान ह्व़े गे
रूपा ; छि भै तैल्या खोल़ा का ीरू बिगची तू गेई     

                   Critics and literature lovers appreciate the works of great lyric poets as Goethe, great lyric poet Heinrich Heine, great lyric poet John Keats, great lyric poet Lamartine, great lyric poet P.B. Shelley, great lyric poet Robert Burns, great lyric poet Victor Hugo, great lyric poet William Blake, great lyric poet William Wordsworth. Ballabh Dobhal a famous Hindi poet appreciates Chandra Singh Rahi as great lyric poet of Garhwali language.
                 George Lucas states that the great lyric poet of German Joseph von Eichendorff revived the folk song tradition initiated by great lyric poet Goethe and great lyric poet herder. Garhwali poet, Garhwali story writer and critic Sudama Prasad Premi writes that great lyric poet Chandra Singh Rahi‘s work has protected the folk tradition in modern Garhwali poetry.
               As great lyric poet Charles Baudelaire popularized modern French poetry through lyric form, same way great lyric poet Chandra Sing Rahi also popularize Garhwali poetry in mass scale
            The great lyric poet Chandra Singh Rahi has following work unpublished
Bhotiya Janjati, Raji Ban Raut of Pithoragar, Jaunsari jan Jati, Garhwal ke Pramukh Mandir, more than hundreds of folk songs of Garhwal, folk instrument and folk tones etc
   Many organizations as Teeka ram literature Organization, Garhwal sabha Dehradun, Mohan Upreti Samman Almoda, Shiva Nand samman organization Lucknow rewarded Chandra Singh Rahi for his contribution for developing and popularizing Garhwali culture all across the world.
                  Indian Literature will always remember great lyric poet Chandra Singh Rahi for his contribution to bring back folk tradition in modern poetry
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 28/3/2012
….
Readers may get copies of his poetry collection from him
Chandra singh Rahi
S-106, Sundar Block,
Shakarpura
Delhi -110092

Revolt by Jaunsari People against Gurkha/Nepalese Rulers

Himachal People Revolting against Gurkha –Part -2

Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) -210   
             History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -736
                                                                    
                                         By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Student)
                         When British army officers with highly developed modern weapons were showing coward attitude and using wrong strategies against Gurkha/Nepal the people of Jaunsar (Dehradun, Garhwal) were organizing them against Gurkha/Nepal. Jaunsari were eager to push Gurkha/Nepalese army from their territory. When on 20th October 1814, the British army led by Lieutenant Colonel Carpenter reached near to Kalsi the Gurkha army ran away from Kalsi Fort and ran to Bairatgarhi north of Kalsi. As British army captured Kalsi Fort, Jaunsari people became ready to kill Gurkha soldiers merely by wood staffs. Gurkha soldiers were taking shelter in Bairatgarhi at height of 7000 feet and the fort was safer than Khalnga Garh or Nalapani fort and Jaithak /Jaithok Fort. Jaunsari people stopped the supply chain reaching to Bairatgarhi. On 30th November 1814,  Balbhadra ran away from Bairatgarhi and British army led by Captain fast captured Bairatgarhi. According to Wilson, British army could capture Bairatgarhi only by the help of Jaunsari people who were acquainted about reaching to such difficult terrain as Bairatgarhi.
                             Jaunsaris Following Balbhadra
           Jaunsar People were enthusiastic after British captured Bairatgarhi .Now, Jaunsar people started stopping supply chains at various forts where Gurkha soldiers were staying. Jaunsar people followed Balbhadra who was escaping from Bairatgarhi towards Jaithak/Jaithok. There was head on between Jaunsari people and Balbhadra soldiers while Balbhadra soldiers were crossing Tones River. With 1000 soldiers, Major Baldric was coming towards Tones River for stopping Balbhadra reaching to Jaithok/Jaithak. However, there was heavy snow fall and storm and British army could not reach to Tones valley. Many Jaunsari entered into British army for taking revenge against Gurkha soldiers.

                        Revolt in Himachal  against Gurkha/Nepalese Army
     As soon the people of Himachal came to know the brave acts of Jaunsaris, the people of Plava, Puchhar, Sain, Morni , Rajgarh the opposite of Tons valley of Himachal regions became active against Gurkha/Nepalese soldiers.  Getting information, British commander sent a battalion to help Himachal people the valley opposite of Tons valley. However, before British army reached to that territory People of Pulva, Puchhar , Rajgarh and Morni revolted against Gurkha soldiers and they also stopped supply chain of Gurkha soldiers. Balbhadra was also going through that territory and his army  burnt many villages of that Territory.


(From wittings of Fraser, Prinsep, Premble, Sitaram, Hamilton , Thompson and Garret)
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 10/1//2016
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -737
*** History of Gorkha/Gurkha /Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) to be continued in next chapter
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
XX                    Reference
                 
Atkinson E.T., 1884, 1886, Gazetteer of Himalayan Districts …
Hamilton F.B. 1819, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal and the territories
Colnol Kirkpatrik 1811, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal
Dr S.P Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 5, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda
Bandana Rai, 2009 Gorkhas,: The Warrior Race
Krishna Rai Aryal, 1975, Monarchy in Making Nepal, Shanti Sadan, Giridhara, Nepal
I.R.Aryan and T.P. Dhungyal, 1975, A New History of Nepal , Voice of Nepal
L.K Pradhan, Thapa Politics:
Gorkhavansavali, Kashi, Bikram Samvat 2021 
Derek J. Waller, The Pundits: British Exploration of Tibet and Central Asia page 172-173
B. D. Pande, Kumaon ka Itihas
Balchandra Sharma, Nepal ko Aitihasik Rup Rekha
Chaudhari , Anglo  –Nepalese Relations
Pande, Vasudha , Compares Histriographical Traditions of Gorkha Rule in Nepal and Kumaon
Pradhan , Kumar, 1991, The Gorkha Conquests , Oxford University  Press
Minyan Govrdhan Singh , History of Himachal Pradesh
A.P Coleman, 1999, A Special Corps
Captain Thomas Smith, 1852,Narrative of a Five Years Residence at Nepal Vol.1
Maula Ram/Mola Ram  , Ranbahadurchandrika and Garhrajvanshkavya
J B Fraser , Asiatic Research
Shyam Ganguli, Doon Rediscovered
Minyan Prem Singh, Guldast Tabarikh Koh Tihri Garhwal
Patiram Garhwal , Ancient and Modern
Tara Datt Gairola, Parvtiy Sanskriti
John Premble, Invasion of Nepal
Chitranjan Nepali, Bhimsen Thapa aur Tatkalin Nepal
Sanwal, Nepal and East India Company
Nagendra kr Singh, Refugee to Ruler
Saxena, Historical papers related to Kumaon
Paper Respecting Nepal War by East India Company (papers in Stock)
Basu, Rise of Christian Power in India)
Moti Lal Ghosh, an article in Amrit Bazar Patrika
XXX
History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Pauri Garhwal, Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; Sirmour Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Chamoli Garhwal, Nainital Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Kangara Himachal Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Rudraprayag Garhwal, Almora Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Baghat Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Tehri Garhwal, Champawat Kumaon, Uttarakhand Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; Punar Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Uttarkashi Garhwal, Bageshwar Kumaon, Uttarakhand;  Nahan Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Dehradun Garhwal, Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History Himachal Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; 
Nepal Itihas, Garhwal Itihas, Kumaon Itihas, Himachal Itihas;  Gurkha/Gorkha ka Kumaon par  Adhikar Itihas , Gurkha/Gorkha Garhwal par Shasan Itihas Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal;  Gurkha/Gorkha Rule in Kumaon, Garhwal Uttarakhand; History Gurkha/Gorkha  Rule in Himachal Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal

Friday, January 8, 2016

Oppressive Gurkha/Gorkha Rule in Himachal

Himachal People Revolting against Gurkha –Part -1

Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) -209   
             History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon and Haridwar) -735
                                                                    
                                         By: Bhishma Kukreti (A History Student)

                                     Oppressive Gurkha/Gorkha Rule in Himachal

               The people of Kahlur, Hindur, Sirmour, Bushehar, Bara Thakuri,’Chauda Thakuri’ the small Thakurais (small Kingdoms) between Yamuna and Sutlej Rivers were distressed under cruel Gurkha/Gorkha rule. When Ranjit Singh pushed Amar Singh Thapa from Sutlej, Amar Singh Thapa reached to Bilaspur. Amar Singh Thapa killed a few Small Territory Kings (Thakuaris rulers), arrested a few Kings and a few rulers ran away from the Kingdoms. Amar Singh Thapa looted their capitals and ruined their forts. On that time, the Kings of Kotgarh, Balsan, Thiyog and other territories requested Bushahr/Bushahir King Ugra Singh for helping them. Ugra Singh sent 10000 soldiers under his ministers for helping those Kings. Unfortunately, Ugra Singh died. Taking benefits of child prince Mahindra Singh , Amar Singh Thapa reached to Rampur the capital of Bushahr/Bushahir with his huge army. Bushahr minster ran towards north taking the child Prince Mahindra Singh.
                 Amar Singh Thapa captured the capital Rampur. From Rampur, Amar Singh Thapa captured nearby Thakurais by 1812. In 1813, he handed over Sarai to Child Prince Mahindra Singh for 12000 annual tax. Amar Singh Thapa shifted to Arki. Amar Singh Thapa broke the bigger forts of small Kingdoms and made them for smaller armies. Mar Singh Thapa strengthens those forts for future battles with British. He established newer army forts in Chamba, Taragarh, Malaun, and Surajgarh by breaking old forts.
               The Gurkha/Gorkha army of newer forts used to oppress the Himachal people. Due to cruel misadministration, the income from those territories dropped down drastically. The annual income never increase from 182, 000 annually. That income was insufficient as salaries was paid from that income.  Many villagers ran away due to cruel Gurkha rule. Villages were deserted. The villagers were ready for revolt. As soon as they heard the defeat of Gurkha in Doon and Nahan, the villagers started organizing for freedom from Gurkha.


(From wittings of Fraser, Prinsep, Premble, Sitaram, Hamilton , Thompson and Garret)
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti Mumbai, India, bckukreti@gmail.com 9/1//2016
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand, India) to be continued… Part -736
*** History of Gorkha/Gurkha /Nepal Rule over Kumaun, Garhwal and Himachal (1790-1815) to be continued in next chapter
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

                  Reference

Atkinson E.T., 1884, 1886, Gazetteer of Himalayan Districts …
Hamilton F.B. 1819, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal and the territories
Colnol Kirkpatrik 1811, An Account of Kingdom of Nepal
Dr S.P Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 5, Veer Gatha Press, Dogadda
Bandana Rai, 2009 Gorkhas,: The Warrior Race
Krishna Rai Aryal, 1975, Monarchy in Making Nepal, Shanti Sadan, Giridhara, Nepal
I.R.Aryan and T.P. Dhungyal, 1975, A New History of Nepal , Voice of Nepal
L.K Pradhan, Thapa Politics:
Gorkhavansavali, Kashi, Bikram Samvat 2021 
Derek J. Waller, The Pundits: British Exploration of Tibet and Central Asia page 172-173
B. D. Pande, Kumaon ka Itihas
Balchandra Sharma, Nepal ko Aitihasik Rup Rekha
Chaudhari , Anglo  –Nepalese Relations
Pande, Vasudha , Compares Histriographical Traditions of Gorkha Rule in Nepal and Kumaon
Pradhan , Kumar, 1991, The Gorkha Conquests , Oxford University  Press
Minyan Govrdhan Singh , History of Himachal Pradesh
A.P Coleman, 1999, A Special Corps
Captain Thomas Smith, 1852,Narrative of a Five Years Residence at Nepal Vol.1
Maula Ram/Mola Ram  , Ranbahadurchandrika and Garhrajvanshkavya
J B Fraser , Asiatic Research
Shyam Ganguli, Doon Rediscovered
Minyan Prem Singh, Guldast Tabarikh Koh Tihri Garhwal
Patiram Garhwal , Ancient and Modern
Tara Datt Gairola, Parvtiy Sanskriti
John Premble, Invasion of Nepal
Chitranjan Nepali, Bhimsen Thapa aur Tatkalin Nepal
Sanwal, Nepal and East India Company
Nagendra kr Singh, Refugee to Ruler
Saxena, Historical papers related to Kumaon
Paper Respecting Nepal War by East India Company (papers in Stock)
Basu, Rise of Christian Power in India)
Moti Lal Ghosh, an article in Amrit Bazar Patrika

History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Pauri Garhwal, Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon, Uttarakhand Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; Sirmour Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Chamoli Garhwal, Nainital Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Kangara Himachal Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Rudraprayag Garhwal, Almora Kumaon, Uttarakhand; Baghat Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Tehri Garhwal, Champawat Kumaon, Uttarakhand Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; Punar Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Uttarkashi Garhwal, Bageshwar Kumaon, Uttarakhand;  Nahan Himachal; History Gurkha /Gorkha Rule over Dehradun Garhwal, Pithoragarh Kumaon, Uttarakhand; History Himachal Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal; 
Nepal Itihas, Garhwal Itihas, Kumaon Itihas, Himachal Itihas;  Gurkha/Gorkha ka Kumaon par  Adhikar Itihas , Gurkha/Gorkha Garhwal par Shasan Itihas Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal;  Gurkha/Gorkha Rule in Kumaon, Garhwal Uttarakhand; History Gurkha/Gorkha  Rule in Himachal Ruthless Gurkha/Nepalese Administration in Himachal