गावास्कर जी ! कपिल जी ! कुछ तो ब्वालो !

गढ़वाली हास्य -व्यंग्य 

 सौज सौज मा मजाक मसखरी 

   हौंस,चबोड़,चखन्यौ     
    सौज सौज मा गंभीर चर्चा ,छ्वीं   

                              गावास्कर जी ! कपिल जी ! कुछ  तो ब्वालो  !

                      चबोड़्या - चखन्यौर्या: भीष्म कुकरेती (s = आधी अ )

  जब गाँ-गौळम (समाज ) क्वी सामजिक बबंडर खड़ो ह्वे जावो तो दान मनिख , सयाणा लोग, पूज्य लोग टिप्पणी दींदन अर राय बि दींदन बस लोभी अर मंगत्या -भिकारी इ इ चुप रौंदन।
 जब समाज मा कुछ कारणों से शरमनाक घटना घटि जावो तो लोगुं तैं ढाढस दीणो बान पूज्य , धीर , सांसदार (साहसी) लोग ही अगनै आंदन अर लोगुं तैं  अग्वाड़ी बढ़नो बान उत्साहित करदन।  बस  अपमार्गी , अपयश्क/अपजसी  , टिड्वा/अपमुखी, अफखवा,अपार्जित ,कायर ,अपरती -स्वार्थी लोग ही गावास्कर जी, कपिल जी ,अनिल कुंबले आद्युं जन वर्ताव करदन अर ख़ास बगत पर मुख पर म्वाळ लगांदन। 
 आज आइपीऐल अर भारतीय  क्रिकेट संसार मा जुवा , जनता से -दर्शकों से धोकाधड़ी, एकाधिकार को खुलेआम नंगा नाच होणु च तो हमारा क्रिकेट भगवान सुनील गावास्कर , कपिल देव, अनिल कुंबले अर हौर छ्वट -म्वट दिबतौं से हम उम्मीद करणा छया कि हौर कुछ न हम भक्तो मा इन ही बोलि दींदा कि जू भि होणु च वो ठीक नी होणु च।

                दिवतौं जन पूज्य सुनील गावास्कर की कमेट्री मा एक सफाईगोइ  होंद , एक कडुवा सच बि रौंद, दगड़ मा अग्वाडि बाटो बि रौंद पण गावास्कर जी ! जब हम सवा सौ करोड़ लोगुं तैं ये क्रिकेट-प्रपंच , -ठगी को क्रिकेट   ,आडम्बर युक्त क्रिकेट, क्रिकेट प्रध्वंसी खेल, का बारा मा आप सरीखा भगवान का द्वी बोल की जरूरत छे तो आप बीसीसीआई (क्रिकेट कंट्रोल बोर्ड ) का खरीदा गुलाम , बीसीसीआई का बंधवा नौकर, बीसीसीआई का सेवक जन वर्ताव करणा छंवा? कख ग्यायि तुमारो वो  साहस जब आप दुनिया का खतरनाक से खतरनाक गेंदबाजों की गिंदी खिल्दा छय?हम भारतवास्यूंन तुमर अदम्य साहस, तागत , सबलता को बान तुम तैं दिबत़ा बणाइ, दिल मा जगा दे पण तुम तो बेदम , निरीह , दमखम हीन, कायर छंवां , भीरु छंवा, डरपोक छंवा जो बीसीसीआई की सात आठ करोड़ सालाना  आय/इनकम का लोभ का कारण  एकाध वाक्य बि नि बोल सकणा छंवां। क्या तुम तैं डौर च कि कखि तुमन बीसीसीआई का विरुद्ध एक शब्द बि ब्वाल तो तुमारी इनकम ख़तम ह्वे जाली ? क्या एक आइकॉन -लीडर का असली चरित्र यो ही होंद  ? इतिहास तुम तै बैटिंग का भगवान जरूर ब्वालल पण सुनील जी दगड़ मा कायर सुनील गावास्कर , डरपोक सुनील गावास्कर, भीरु सुनील गावास्कर, साहसहीन सुनील गावास्कर को तगमा भी अवश्य द्यालो।  

    अहा इनि हमर एक हौर क्रिकेट पूज्य छन श्री कपिल देव जी। आज तलक भारतीयों दिल मा कपिल देव जी की छवि क्या छे ? कि दृढ कपिल देव, मानसिक तौर पर सबल कपिल देव,पराक्रमी कपिल देव,दुस्साहसी  कपिल देव , हिकमती  कपिल देव , निर्भीक कपिल देव, निडर कपिल देव। पण जब बारि आयि की कपिल देव  बीसीसीआई (क्रिकेट कंट्रोल बोर्ड ) की   कमजोर्युं बारा मा जादा ना सै इथगा तो ब्वालन कि जो भि होणु च वो गलत होणु च। पण नहीं ! कपिल देव तैं बि  इतिहास दम खिंचवा (खास वक्त चुप रहना )कपिल देव, दम खुश्की वळ कपिल देव (किसी कारण चुप रहना ) , दम चोर कपिल देव(जान बुझ कर चुप रहना ), दबैल -दब्बू कपिल देव, दमहीन -खमहीन कपिल देव ही ब्वालल।
 अहा शेरो के शेर नवजोत  सिद्धू ! वाह मेरे मिट्टी  शेर ! कमेंट्री दींद दै त नवजोत सिद्धू महान वीर पुरुष गुरु गोविन्द सिंग जीका उधहरण कि ... बाज उड़ाऊं .. दींदा छया . पण सिद्धू जी !  क्रिकेट कंट्रोल बोर्ड का कुकर्मी कारनामाओं पर तुमर जिबळ पर म्वाळ किलै लग? हे बडबोले मिट्टी के शेर ! कख हर्ची तुमारि वा शेरदिल मर्दानगी ? हे लुत पुत माटो बाग़ !  बीसीसीआई (क्रिकेट कंट्रोल बोर्ड ) मा बैठ्याँ धूर्तों , चकडैतों , दगाबाजो बारा मा अब किलै ना  सिद्धू वाणी सुणाणा छंवा ? हे किदालु समान शेर ! तुम तै बि इतिहास आडम्बरी शेर नवजोत सिद्धू, कागज  का बाघ नवजोत सिद्धू , शेर की खाल मा  कायर नवजोत सिंग सिद्धू ही ब्वालल। तुम से तो भलो हमारो बिशन बेदी पा जी छन जौन खुले आम ब्वाल बल भारतीय क्रिकेट मा जो भि होणु च वो ठीक नी च होणु च. महान वीर पुरुष गुरु गोविन्द सिंग का असली चेला तो केवल बिशन  सिंग बेदी ही छन। 
फिर हौर दिबतौं बारा मा क्या बुलण जब शीर्षस्थ  क्रिकेट खिलाड़ी  ही किदलु जन डरपोक , डराहुक , भीरतापूर्ण , भयपूर्ण , कायरपूर्ण, बुजदिलपूर्ण ,  व्यवहार कारल तो बकै रवि शास्त्री ,संजय मांजरेकर , शिव रामा कृष्णन, अरुण लाल जन क्रिकेटरों कि  क्या बिसात   कि वो क्रिकेट आकाओं का विरुद्ध एक शब्द बि ब्वालन।
जब समाज का सयाणा लोभी , लालची  , लिप्सायुक्त , डरपोक , चापलूस , चाकरविरती का ह्वे जावन तो समझी ल्यावो समाज का दुर्दिन चलणा छन।  

         
Copyright @ Bhishma Kukreti  2/06/2013            
(लेख सर्वथा काल्पनिक  है )

Purana/Epic Folk Story of Hari ki Paidi Haridwar: Where Lords -Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva reside

Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal, Haridwar, Uttarkahnd-45 

Epic, Marathon, Classic, Impressive, Grand, Mahabharata Folklore, Folktales, Folk Stories of Haridwar,   Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand – 4 

                                         Bhishma Kukreti

             There are many folk stories around Haridwar (Gangadwar, Mayapuri, or Kapila) till date.  One of the epic or Purana folk story is very popular about Hari-Ki-Faidi (Paidi). Hari means supreme god and Faidi or Paidi means the foot or foot prints.

      Shwet was great king. King Shwet was great devotee of Brahma. He performed Hard ‘Tapa’ (penance) for Brahma for many centuries at Hari –ki –Faidi (Paidi) at the bank of Ganges at Haridwar. Lord Brahma became pleased to the Tap of his devotee Shwet. Lord Brahma offered boon to Shwet. Shwet asked that Brahma should reside with lord Shiva, Lord Vishnu at Hari-Ki-Faidi (Paidi). Lord Brahma granted the wish of his great devotee Shwet. Thereafter, three lords Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva reside at Hari-Ki- Paidi (Faidi). The Hari-Ki -Faidi is also called Brahmkund. Devotees take dip in the Ganges water at Hari-Ki- Paidi (Faidi) or Brahmkund at Haridwar for getting blessing of three lords Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva.  Hari-Ki-Faidi is the place where the Amrit (nectar) spilled from Sagar Manthan  (Ocean Milk Churning)between demons and deities. 

Copyright (Interpretation) @ Bhishma Kukreti, 1/06/2013

Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued…46  

Epic, Marathon, Classic, Impressive, Grand, Mahabharata Folklore, Folktales, Folk Stories of Haridwar,   Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttarakhand to be continued…5 

                          

Curtsey and references:

Dr. Krishna Nand Joshi, Kumaon ka Lok Sahitya (Folklore texts of Kumaon)

 Dr Trilochan Pandey, Kumaoni Bhasha aur Uska Sahity(Folklore literature of Kumaon )

Dr Siva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Lok Nrityageet  (Folk Songs and Folk dances of Garhwal )

Dr Govind Chatak, Garhwali Lokgathayen (Folklore of Garhwali)

Dr. Govind Chatak, Kumaoni Lokgathayen (Folklore of Kumaoni)

Dr Urvi Datt Upadhyaya, Kumaon ki Lokgathaon ka Sahityik Adhyayan (Literary review of Folklore of Kumaon)

Dr. Dip Chand Chaudhri, 1995, Askot ka Palvansh , Gumani Shodhkendra, Uprada, Gangalighat

Dr. Prayag Joshi, Kumaon Garhwal ki Lokgathaon ka Vivechnatmak Adhyayan (Critical Review of Folklore of Kumaon and Garhwal)

Dr Dinesh Chandra Baluni, Uttarakhand ki Lokgathayen (Folklore of Uttarakhand)

Dr Jagdish (Jaggu) Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar, (Partially Folklore of Ravain) 

Ramesh Matiyani ‘Shailesh’ 1959, Kumaun ki Lok Gathayen

Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Dhunyal (Folklore and Folk Songs of Garhwal)

Shambhu Prasad Bahuguna, Virat Hriday

Kusum Budhwar, 2010, Where Gods Dwell: Central Himalayan Folktales and Legends 

C.M. Agarwal , Golu Devta, 1992, The God of Justice of Kumaon Himalayas

N.D .Paliwal, 1987, Kumaoni Lok Geet

E.S. Oakley and Tara Datt Gairola 1935, Himalayan Folklore

M.R.Anand, 2009, Understanding the Socio Cultural experiences of Pahadi folks: Jagar Gathas of Kumaon and Garhwal

Dr. Pradeep Saklani, 2008, Ethno archeology of Yamuna Valley

Shiv Narayan Singh Bisht, 1928, Gadhu Sumyal, Banghat , Pauri Garhwal

Kumaon: Kala, Shilp,aur Sanskriti         www.himvan.com/webpages/dana.htm

Anjali Kapila (2004), Traditional health Practices of Kumaoni women

Bhishma Kukreti, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhy Tatva va Vivechana

Helle Primdahi, 1994, Central Himalayan Folklore: folk Songs in Rituals of the Life Cycle

Hemant Kumar Shukla, D.R. Purohit, 2012, Theories and Practices of Hurkiya Theater in Uttarakhand, Language in India Vol.12:5: 2012 Page 143- 150

Dev Singh Pokhariya, 1996, Kumauni Jagar Kathayen aur Lokgathayen

Madan Chand Bhatt, 2002, Kumaun ki Jagar Kathayen 

Bhishma Kukreti, Garhwal ki Lok Kathayen, Alaknanda Prakashan

Bhishma Kukreti, Notes on History, Folk Literature of Haridwar

This chapter contains Purana/Epic Folk Story from Haridwar about Hari ki Paidi Haridwar: Where Lords -Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva reside; Purana/Epic Folk Story from Jwalapur, Haridwar about Hari ki Paidi Haridwar: Where Lords -Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva reside; Purana/Epic Folk Story from Kankhal, Haridwar about Hari ki Paidi Haridwar: Where Lords -Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva reside; Purana/Epic Folk Story from Roorkee Haridwar about Hari ki Paidi Haridwar: Where Lords -Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva reside; Purana/Epic Folk Story from Mohand, Haridwar about Hari ki Paidi Haridwar: Where Lords -Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva reside; Purana/Epic Folk Story from Sultanpur, Haridwar about Hari ki Paidi Haridwar: Where Lords -Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva reside; Purana/Epic Folk Story from Pathri, Haridwar about Hari ki Paidi Haridwar: Where Lords -Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva reside; Purana/Epic Folk Story from Bhagwanpur, Haridwar about Hari ki Paidi Haridwar: Where Lords -Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva reside; Purana/Epic Folk Story from Manglaur Haridwar about Hari ki Paidi Haridwar: Where Lords -Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva reside; Purana/Epic Folk Story from Biharigarh, Haridwar about Hari ki Paidi Haridwar: Where Lords -Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva reside; Purana/Epic Folk Story from Laksar Haridwar about Hari ki Paidi Haridwar: Where Lords -Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva reside.

Suju ki Sunari Jagar Gatha: Folk Song, Lyrical Folk Story about Krishna’ Love for a Goldsmith Woman

Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal, Haridwar, Uttarkahnd-44

Love Folklore, Folktales, Folk Stories of Love, Adoring, Affection, Fondness, friendliness, Liking from Haridwar,   Garhwal, Kumaon (Uttarakhand) – 2 

                                         Bhishma Kukreti

                    There are two types of Jagar Gatha/Folk Songs/Lyrical folk Tales/Poetic Folk Stories about Krishna in Garhwal and Kumaon.

        First type of lyrical folk stories from Garhwal and Kumaon are derived from Pauranic or Mahabharata base. These poetic folk tales may be love stories related to Krishna or versed traditional stories related to diplomatic, strategy making power or divine power of Krishna. The poetic love folk narrations about love by Krishna or love for Krishna are colored into local culture of Kumaon and Garhwal.

                The second type of rhythmical folk stories or traditional poetic fictions about love by Krishna or love for Krishna by other woman are purely created by local folks and these folk songs are definitely in local cultural customs and styles.

  The following love folk song related to Krishna is created by Nathpanth local Jagri and shadow of philosophy of Nathpanth as the song narrates about Kabir, Dadu, Kamal types of Sufi philosopher. The important aspect of this traditional song from Garhwal, Kumaon is that  the female character is from untouchable caste (Goldsmith). Krishna calls the husband of his lover as ‘elder brother’. That also show the social structure in Kumaon and Garhwal where untouchable aspect persisted but the inhabitants of both societies had bondage.

          

        कुमाऊं, गढ़वाल ,हरिद्वार  की लोक गाथाएँ/जागर  -44  

                    कुमाऊं ,  हरिद्वार, गढ़वाल , की प्रणय  लोक गाथाएँ -2 

                              सूजू की सुनारी

                     (सन्दर्भ: डा गोविन्द चातक )

 तै सोवन द्वारिका रंद होला कृष्ण भगवान

राणियो को रौन्सिया छया फुलूँ का हौंसिया

रातरू होंदि थोड़ा , सुपिना होंदा भौति

भगवानन सुपिना मा देखे सूजू की सुनारी

नौ गज धौमेली देखि , चूड़ियों भरी हाती

आज जसि आंखी देखी , धौळी जसी माँग

रंग की रावली सुनारी विरह वावली।

xx x               xxx

कनकैक जि  सुनारी , द्वारिका बुलौलो

तब भगवान मंनसूबा ठाणदा , मंत्र  गंठ्योदा

बीती गै रैणि कांठ्यो आई गै घाम -

तै द्वारिका वो धावड़ी लगौंद -

तब द्वारिका बैठी गे घणी सभा

कबीर कमाल बैठिन सुखीर दाद

पंचनाम दिवतौं से कृष्णा बोल्दा

सुणीयाला देवताओ, सुपिना की बात -

मैन गुजराती हिंडोला देखी , फटिंगू का खंब

सबी कुछ पैदा होंदी सोनू कखन आलो?

नाथ की लगदी ये ठाकुर मा बोली -

हे भगवान जन्देऊ मान्यन गर्दनी मालीक 
फटिंगू का खंब बणौला चांदी की चौकी

पर सोनो कखन आलौ

                Once in Dwarika, in dream, Lord Krishna saw beautiful goldsmith woman Sunari of Suju. Suju was husband of Sunari. Krishna fell in love for Sunari in dream.  When Krishna awoke, he did not find beautiful Sunari who ha attractive long hair and was with attractive bangles on her hands.

  Lord Krishna called his court. There were great saints as Kabir, Dadu and Kamal in the court of Krishna in Dwarika. Krishna said to   his court scholars and administrators,” I saw Guajarati gold Hindola in dream. I would like to have same type of Gold Hindola.”

  The administrators sent servants in search of gold in Dwarika. Then the question of competent Goldsmith arose. Krishna told that there was excellent goldsmith named Suju in Sujlikot. They invited Suju goldsmith.  Sunari the wife of goldsmith became ready to go with Suju for Dwarika.

  When Sunari and Suju reached Dwarika, Krishna saluted, respected Suju as elder brother and Sunari as Bhabhi (wife of elder brother).

  Suju started constructing Hindola. Sunari used to sit there. Krishna also used to sit there. Krishna thought that Sunari was beautiful as he saw in dream. Krishna used to see her with affection and Sunari also responded with affection, Suju was angry but could not express his anger.

 In evening Suju beat his wife Sunari.

Krishna wanted to teach Suju a lesion.  

 Krishna broke the under construction Hindola by his magical rice grains. Krishna ordered to kill Suju as punishment. Sunari requested not to kill her husband. Krishna asked Sunari to live in her Harem after the death of her husband. Sunari told that Suju was her life.

Krishna became happy and told to Suju that he was making fun with Suju and Sunari. Krishna offered great gifts for both and sent them back to Sujlikot with due respect.

           

Copyright (Interpretation) @ Bhishma Kukreti, 1/06/2013

Folklore, Folk Legends, Folk Myths of Kumaon-Garhwal-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued…45  

Love Folklore, Folktales, Folk Stories of Love, Adoring, Affection, Fondness, friendliness, Liking from Haridwar,   Garhwal, Kumaon ( Uttarakhand ) to be continued…3 

                          

Curtsey and references:

Dr. Krishna Nand Joshi, Kumaon ka Lok Sahitya (Folklore texts of Kumaon)

 Dr Trilochan Pandey, Kumaoni Bhasha aur Uska Sahity(Folklore literature of Kumaon )

Dr Siva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Lok Nrityageet  (Folk Songs and Folk dances of Garhwal )

Dr Govind Chatak, Garhwali Lokgathayen (Folklore of Garhwali)

Dr. Govind Chatak, Kumaoni Lokgathayen (Folklore of Kumaoni)

Dr Urvi Datt Upadhyaya, Kumaon ki Lokgathaon ka Sahityik Adhyayan (Literary review of Folklore of Kumaon)

Dr. Dip Chand Chaudhri, 1995, Askot ka Palvansh , Gumani Shodhkendra, Uprada, Gangalighat

Dr. Prayag Joshi, Kumaon Garhwal ki Lokgathaon ka Vivechnatmak Adhyayan (Critical Review of Folklore of Kumaon and Garhwal)

Dr Dinesh Chandra Baluni, Uttarakhand ki Lokgathayen (Folklore of Uttarakhand)

Dr Jagdish (Jaggu) Naudiyal, Uttarakhand ki Sanskritik Dharohar, (Partially Folklore of Ravain) 

Ramesh Matiyani ‘Shailesh’ 1959, Kumaun ki Lok Gathayen

Abodh Bandhu Bahuguna, Dhunyal (Folklore and Folk Songs of Garhwal)

Shambhu Prasad Bahuguna, Virat Hriday

Kusum Budhwar, 2010, Where Gods Dwell: Central Himalayan Folktales and Legends 

C.M. Agarwal , Golu Devta, 1992, The God of Justice of Kumaon Himalayas

N.D .Paliwal, 1987, Kumaoni Lok Geet

E.S. Oakley and Tara Datt Gairola 1935, Himalayan Folklore

M.R.Anand, 2009, Understanding the Socio Cultural experiences of Pahadi folks: Jagar Gathas of Kumaon and Garhwal

Dr. Pradeep Saklani, 2008, Ethno archeology of Yamuna Valley

Shiv Narayan Singh Bisht, 1928, Gadhu Sumyal, Banghat , Pauri Garhwal

Kumaon: Kala, Shilp,aur Sanskriti         www.himvan.com/webpages/dana.htm

Anjali Kapila (2004), Traditional health Practices of Kumaoni women

Bhishma Kukreti, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhy Tatva va Vivechana

Helle Primdahi, 1994, Central Himalayan Folklore: folk Songs in Rituals of the Life Cycle

Hemant Kumar Shukla, D.R. Purohit, 2012, Theories and Practices of Hurkiya Theater in Uttarakhand, Language in India Vol.12:5: 2012 Page 143- 150

Dev Singh Pokhariya, 1996, Kumauni Jagar Kathayen aur Lokgathayen

Madan Chand Bhatt, 2002, Kumaun ki Jagar Kathayen 

Bhishma Kukreti, Garhwal ki Lok Kathayen, Alaknanda Prakashan

Bhishma Kukreti, Notes on History, Folk Literature of Haridwar

Chapter contains notes on Jagar, Folk Song, Lyrical Folk Story about Krishna’ Love for a Goldsmith Woman from Uttarakhand; Jagar, Folk Song, Lyrical Folk Story about Krishna’ Love for a Goldsmith Woman from Haridwar, Uttarakhand; Jagar, Folk Song, Lyrical Folk Story about Krishna’ Love for a Goldsmith Woman from Dehradun Garhwal Uttarakhand; Jagar, Folk Song, Lyrical Folk Story about Krishna’ Love for a Goldsmith Woman from Uttarkashi Garhwal Uttarakhand; Jagar, Folk Song, Lyrical Folk Story about Krishna’ Love for a Goldsmith Woman from Chamoli Garhwal Uttarakhand; Jagar, Folk Song, Lyrical Folk Story about Krishna’ Love for a Goldsmith Woman from Tehri Garhwal Uttarakhand; Jagar, Folk Song, Lyrical Folk Story about Krishna’ Love for a Goldsmith Woman from Rudraprayag Garhwal Uttarakhand; Jagar, Folk Song, Lyrical Folk Story about Krishna’ Love for a Goldsmith Woman from Pauri Garhwal Uttarakhand; Jagar, Folk Song, Lyrical Folk Story about Krishna’ Love for a Goldsmith Woman from Udham Singh Nagar, Kumaon Uttarakhand; Jagar, Folk Song, Lyrical Folk Story about Krishna’ Love for a Goldsmith Woman from Pithoragarh Kumaon  Uttarakhand; Jagar, Folk Song, Lyrical Folk Story about Krishna’ Love for a Goldsmith Woman from Champawat Kumaon  Uttarakhand; Jagar, Folk Song, Lyrical Folk Story about Krishna’ Love for a Goldsmith Woman from Bageshwar Kumaon  Uttarakhand; Jagar, Folk Song, Lyrical Folk Story about Krishna’ Love for a Goldsmith Woman from Almora Kumaon  Uttarakhand; Jagar, Folk Song, Lyrical Folk Story about Krishna’ Love for a Goldsmith Woman from Nainital Kumaon  Uttarakhand.

History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) - Part 60

History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age

History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) - Part 60  

Historical Aspects of Classical Period of Haridwar -Kumaon-Garhwal (Uttarakhand), Himalayas-2   

(History write ups are dedicated to great Historians Hari Krishna Raturi, Rahul Sanstyankritan, Badri Datt Pandey and Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Satish Chandra Kala, Dr. Patiram, K.P. Nautiyal, B.M. Khanduri, Jeewan Singh Kharakwal, Om Chanda Handa, Dinesh Saklani)

                                                       By: Bhishma Kukreti

                    Till Chandragupta Vikramaditya won Kartripur Uttarakhand was a free state.

                                       Brief History of Gupta Empire (320-550AD)

                  

                                               Chandragupta First (280-319)

                         (The dates vary as per historians and there is difference of 50years in many cases)               

    The first ruler of Gupta dynasty in Patliputra was tribal or prosperous man -Gupta. His son was Ghatotkacchh.  Their rule was limited to Magadha.

            Chandragupta first was son of Ghatotkacha (240-280). Chandragupta married to daughter of highly prosperous king Licchhvi family. By marrying with Licchhvi daughter, Chandragupta got fame, prosperity, diplomatic power and all strength.  His rule was consolidated to surrounding Magadha. Chandragupta started Gupt Sanvat from 319-320AD.

                                                 Samudragupta Prakramanka (335-380)

  Chandragupta handed over his rule to his most capable son Samudragupta. Samudragupta included nine states of Madhyadesh and expanded his rule to west part of Yamuna.  Samudragupta expanded his rule to Samtat, davak, Kamrup, Nepal, Kartripur, Malav, Arjunayan, yauyedheya, Madrak, Aabhir, Prarjun, Sankanik, Kak, Kharpadik, republicans. Samudragupta also won Madhyadesh, Mahakaushal, Mahakantar and Kalinga.

                 Many south kings up to Krishna river basin used to offer taxes to Samudragupta.       

                             Samudragupta had smooth and military diplomatic relationship with Sri Lanka kingdom.

Personality of Samudragupta: Samudragupta was a strategic warrior, talented military leader and had vision. By body, Samudragupta was strong man. Samudragupta was cruel with enemies and soft with common men. Samudragupta was  art, literature and music lover.  

 Samudragupta placed his gold coins. He got titles of Ashwamedhaparakrama, Rajadhiraj, Digvijay dhari, Vajimedha etc.

 Samudragupta had big families and he lived for long as he had grandchildren too in his life time.

                                            Ramgupta

  Ramgupta was eldest son of Samudragupta and he was crowned.

       From Uttarakhand history point of view Ramgupta has importance.  Ramgupta attacked Kartripur and lost the battle. For his life he was ready to exchange his wife Dhruvswamini. His younger brother Chandragupta killed Kartripur chieftain, killed his brother Samudragupta, married his Bhabhi Dhruvswamini and took over Gupta kingdom. Ramgupta placed copper coins.

                                       Chandragupta second ‘Vikramaditya’

     Chandragupta took the title ‘Vikramaditya’.

  Chandragupta Vikramaditya not only expanded his rule in far western India, foreign parts of north-west India and Gujarat regions but   also ruled with power, discipline and grace. Chandragupta Vikramaditya shifted his capital to Ujjain from Patliputra.  Chandragupta Vikramaditya also sub judged Sindhu desh.

 New Vikramaditya calendar: Chandragupta started new Hindu Samvat calendar.

Nine Learned Persons in Chandragupta II court:  There were famous nine learned persons in Vikramditya court. Kalidasa was one those learned persons.

                                          Kumargupta

    Kumargupta was eldest son of Chandragupta. He ruled for forty two years. Kumar Gupta assumed the title ‘Mahendraditya’. There was peace in his time and he did not expand his territory. Kumargupta was decent personality and believed on truth, pardon, economical punishment, firmness, cleanness, patience, self awareness, mind-intellect etc.

           Kumargupta performed Ashwamedha Yagya for consolidation the kingdom and not for expansion. He supported art, literature and music.

 There was attack from Pushyamitra of Narmada, South. His son Skandgupta diffused the attack.  

                            

                                   Skandagupta

  Skandagupta was brave as his grandfather Chandragupta. Skandagupta diffused many rebellion attacks against Gupta Empire in his father time. .

 Huna attacked on Gupta Empire in his time. He was successful up to certain extent to slow down the speed of Huna. Skandagupta defeated Huna attacks perhaps near North West region.

 Skandagupta had grace personality.

                             Punyagupta (467-473)

   Skandagupta did not have any issue. His younger brother sat on the crown after death of Skandagupta.  From his time the decline of Gupta Empire started. The other Gupta kings were Kumargupta II (473-476), Budhagupta (476-495?), Narsinghgupta, Kumargupta III, Vishnugupta,  Vinayagupta and Bhanugupta.

                    Military Organization of Gupta Empire

           

  Guptas depended heavily on infantry archers and bows.

Gupta had knowledge of siege craft, catapults and other war machines. By an estimate, Chandragupta Gupta had five lakhs infantry, fifty thousand cavalry, twenty thousand charioteers, ten thousand elephants in his army.

                                          Administration of Gupta Empire

  

 There was hierarchy in Gupta Empire administration. The kingdom was divided into 26 provinces. Provinces were divided into Vishaya governed by Vishaypati. Vishayapati had adhikari or officers.

                                 Art and Culture

  Gupta Period is called Golden period for art, culture, music and literature. Scholars as Harishen, veersen, Vatsbhatt, Vasuli, Ravishanti, Matrigupta, Bhritmenth, Shudrak, Amrsing were scholars of this time

Kalidasa is famous literature creator of Gupta period.

Varahmhira and Aryabhatt types of astrologers were born in this time. Astrology, mathematics was on its peak. Zero was discovered in this time.

Six of Indian philosophy books were created at this time.

 Tens of great Buddhist scholars and Jain scholars created great literature in Gupta period.

Ayurvedic surgery got its prominence in this time.  

Architecture, wall paintings, cave shrine arts, were also on its peak in Gupta period.

 There is no doubt that for India Gupta Age was ‘Classical period’.

 Though, the state of Gupta kings was secular Hindu sects were dominating sects.

         

                                                      Uttarakhand in Gupta Empire

 Mandsaur (MP) inscriptions speak that Kumargupta ruled over Uttarakhand. Till Skandagupt, the chieftains of Uttarakhand were under Gupta regime. The copper inscription of indoor Bulandshahar state that Sarvnag was Vishaypati (administrator) of Yamuna-Ganges Doab.

                          Shilpkar (Craftsmen) of Uttarakhand in Gupta Period

Rahul Santyakritan states that a couple of Iron pillars of Gupta period, especially Iron pillar of Delhi were manufactured and erected by Craftsmen of Uttarakhand.  That shows that metallurgy in Uttarakhand was on its well developed stage.

                                 Haridwar (Mayapur) in Gupta Empire Age

         J.S. Mishra categorically states that well planned arrangement for Kumbh Mela in Haridwar celebration started from Gupta period but there are not records to prove so (2004, Mahakumbh, page-17) .

O.P Singh mentions about Madwar Dynasty in Mayapur (near Haridwar) in post Gupta time referring Hiuen Sang travelogue after Gupta Age (1983, The Himalaya, nature, man and culture, page 291). That shows that Madwar would be a strong republican under Gupta regime.  

    Imperial gazette (1908-1938) states that there was a ‘smrat; 0governer Mangal Sen of Gupta King who built a fortress in Manglaur (Haridwar).

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 1/06/2013

(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)

History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued… Part -61

Historical Aspects of -Classical Period of Haridwar -Kumaon-Garhwal (Uttarakhand), Himalayas to be continued…3 

Notes on History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Garhwal,  (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Tehri Garhwal, (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Uttarkashi Garhwal,  (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Rudraprayag Garhwal,  (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Chamoli Garhwal,  (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Kotdwara , Lansdowne Garhwal,  (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Pauri Garhwal,  (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Dehradun Garhwal,  (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Kumaon   (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Pithoragarh Kumaon  (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Bageshwar Kumaon   (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Champawat Kumaon   (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Almora Kumaon   (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Nainital Kumaon  (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Udham Singh Nagar Kumaon   (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Tarai Bhabhar Kumaon   (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Haridwar  (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Kankhal Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Jwalapur Haridwar  (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Maglaur Haridwar  (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Mohand Haridwar  (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Roorkee Haridwar (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Sultanpur Haridwar  (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age; History of Har ki Faidi (Paidi) Haridwar  (Uttarakhand) in Gupta Empire Age;